A nobody cares thread.

Nobody cares about the things that matter - getting investors in, helping new distributors advisors, making things (Slightly) easier for investors, honest mis-selling etc.

Nobody cares about direct plans of mutual funds

Nobody cares about about mutual funds either

Very few care about mutual funds. Just 2.1 crore unique investors. If you probably take out HNIs/institutions in this, that's maybe 20-30%, what's left are the common gareeb folks.

Nobody cares about direct equity investing either.

Next time when someone says, people are moving away from mutual funds to direct equities, show them this and punch them in the throat.

Only 1.5 cr active demat accounts. If you remove duplicates, maybe 60% of this?

Nobody cares because very few people have money to care either?

Subjectivity in risk management --

I would like to briefly talk about risk mgmt in this thread (something that is not talked about much anywhere else)

The whole question of risk management is far from an objective subject.

1/11

One need at least one subjective piece of the puzzle to put it together, and that is an individual’s acceptance to risk.

Now that is subjective, meaning there is no rule that says how risk averse you should be. That is an integral part of your emotional makeup 😊

2/11

The problem is, human nature does not operate to maximize gain, but rather to maximize the chance of gain, i.e., maximize the # of winning trades & minimize the # of losing trades.

The result is, not only is risk controlled, but profitability is also controlled 😆

3/11

In other words, playing it safe can be just as bad as taking too much risk, because you are not optimizing your winning trades nor the days with extended ranges.

Sure, it's possible to develop trading idea based on tick charts(scalping) that will on average be profitable

4/11

However, the average profits on individual trades from such methodologies are microscopic, and the trades they generate are so many that it not reasonable to scale up these strategies.

Dont even get me started on costs and slippages here 😊

5/11

Warren Buffet & Charlie Munger's wisdom on

- LTCM
- Circle of Competence (Q by @MohnishPabrai )
- Buy & Hold Strategy

Berskhire Hathaway AGM: 1999

@suru27 @ParikPatelCFA @ashishkila @ravidharamshi77 @_kirand @gauravgsgs @blitzkreigm @PuneetK009 @_anshulkhare

🧵👇

#investing

1). On LTCM:

Munger: What was interesting was how talented they were and then also got in so much trouble. It also demonstrates general system of finance involving derivatives is irresponsible.

Warren: Here you had extremely experienced people operating with their own money.

• They went broke. Why do people risk losing something very important to gain something that’s totally unimportant? The added money has no utility whatsoever.

If almost impossible to go broke without borrowed money being in the equation. No gain is good enough when there is no gain to offset the risk of loss.

2. Estimating Company’s IV

Warren: Investment is process of putting money today to get more money back in the future. The question is how far in the future, how much money and what is the appropriate discount rate to take it back to the present day and determine how much to pay?

0/ We have the @RobinhoodApp & @vladtenev testimony today. The prepared remarks provide some insights on the business & what happened with $GME etc...

They have 13M customers, 13% trade options, 2% multi leg options and 3% are margin enabled

1/ The median age of an investors is 31; 1/2 are first time investors.

The median / average customer account size is $240 / $5,000.

This supports various theses that RH is the “play account” while users have another longer term oriented brokerage account.

2/ On the $GME saga they provide the timeline of collateral requirements during the week of 1/25.

Their obligation 1/25 as $124M the same day the VIX spiked 62% (3rd largest daily gain since 1990).

On 1/28 NSCC told them they had a deposit deficit of $3B. ($1.3B of VaR based)

3/ In addition to the VaR based they had an "excess capital premium charge" over $2.2B. The NSCC indicated RH owed $3.7B versus $696M already on deposit with NSCC, so the net amount due was approximately $3B

4/ They also mentioned over the course of 4 days they raised ~$3.4B from investors

It looks like every symptom on Google search leads to cancer.

So, when you have a symptom that Google screams CANCER, should you be afraid?

Before I answer that for you, let's talk about Occam's Razor and how you can use it to simplify your life.

Let's dive in. 👇👇👇

1/ In the early 1900s, two physicists studied space and time and arrived at a similar conclusion: things tend to go a little bonkers within the space-time continuum.

Ex: The closer we get to moving at the speed of light, the more we slow down.

2/ Both the scientists arrived at the same results through their equations & derivations. But both had different explanations.

One suggested that the phenomenon was due to the changes that took place within "the ether". Another didn't refer to the ether at all.

3/ The latter won the Nobel prize and the world reveres him as a genius.

The former was the physicist named Lorentz.

The latter was Einstein.

This was the Einstein-Lorentz Relativity priority dispute that we are talking about.

4/ Lorentz's explanation wasn't given preference because according to science, the ether doesn't exist. When that's introduced into the equation, it makes things complicated.

Einstein used no references to the ether, and his simpler explanation rooted in scientific method won.

What are prices?

A layperson’s guide to understanding charts and volatility.
1/

It’s an observable fact that price has nothing to do with value. Perhaps over the long term these two converge, but in the short term it makes no sense that the price of, say, soybeans would change 3-4% from day to day.

So what’s happening?
2/

You’ve probably heard people say “markets are forward looking” and that’s sorta true, I guess.

But that doesn’t mean they’re any good at it.

It might be better to say “markets consistently attempt to look forward” because that would be more illustrative of what’s happening.
3/

When a day-over-day price makes a 3% move this is not a 3% shift in value, it’s a 3% shift in *aggregate expectations about future value.*

And that makes sense, right? Expectations are pretty ephemeral so they can move fast.
4/

Consider volatility through this same lens. When a market is highly volatile, this means that expectations about forward value are evolving rapidly.

This happened in March when everyone got scared about Covid - it broke people’s forward expectations, and thus broke markets.
5/

You're about to invest in the next biggest company to list on the stock exchange. You dream of a luxury island & a private jet - but you end up eating canned food instead.

Here's a guide to the insider secrets of IPOs [Thread]

Hold on, what is an IPO? Indian Police Officer?

No, it's an Initial Public Offering

It's when a private company issues stock to the public to raise capital. Facebook, Airbnb & Apple are IPO companies

It's not just US companies. I worked on IPOs in London, Johannesburg & Lagos

"The Roadshow/ Marketing"

The IPO process can be long!

The company hires a few investment banks to go out & sell the story to investors. Think of it as a series of dates. Do you tell her you leave towels on the floor on the first date? No.

Investment banks sell the highlights

Pro-tip: NEVER invest into a company purely off the company roadshow materials. Having spent hours curating these docs - the wording is ALWAYS massaged.

Your go-to is the prospectus - the Bible for an IPO

Here's the Airbnb prospectus - check it

What should I be looking for in the prospectus?

Just like your cheating ex - don't focus on what he's saying, focus on what isn't being said.

- Forecasts: always take these with a pinch of salt
- Key risks: dry but important
- Why we need the money: MOST IMPORTANT!

If I stuck to this one rule the day I started trading I would have...

• Saved $1,000's of dollars in losses.
• Sped up my learning process.
• Avoided every major account drawdown I've had.

If you're new to trading, make sure you stick to this 👇🏼

The 1% Rule 🧵

The 1% Rule states that you should risk, at most, 1% of your total account on every individual trade.

This 1% risk is a function of two flexible components:

• Your Position Size: % of your account in the trade
• Your Trade Risk: % between your entry price and your stop loss

Want to take a larger position size? Make your stop tighter.

Trading a volatile stock? Size down on the trade.

The most important aspect of trading is risk management.

It's great to make money, but worthless if you don't have a system to keep it.

Over 50% of my trades are losses, but I'm still profitable because of the 1% Rule.

Keep losses small & let winners run!

"Nick, 1% risk isn't enough, my account is small."

New traders are EXACTLY who benefits the most!

By limiting each trade's potential losses to 1% it will take you:

• 29 straight losses to fall 25%
• 69 straight losses to fall 50%

It's tough to be that consistently bad 😅

Full chart learning course 🎓
In single thread 🧵

Process of trading through
price action ✨👇

1⃣Time frame - always start looking chart 📊 with higher time frame (weekly/monthly) then after go for lower one .

Positional trader - weekly/monthly

Swing trader - daily /3hours

Intraday trader - 15/30min

2⃣ demand /supply zone - then draw major/minor demand & supply zone .।।।

Ex : #SIS

3️⃣ Trading style -

⚡If you are positional trader then focus on major demand & supply zone.

⚡If you are swing trader then focus on minor demand & supply zone.

Wait for price to come on it then, 👇

4⃣find consolidation -

⚡Positional trader - consolidation should be above 1/2years.

⚡ swing trader - consolidation should be below 1/2 years

⚡Intraday trader - consolidation should above 5/10 days.

Ex - #galxo / #triveni / #vimta

Have you ever wondered why price of large cap cos like Reliance ind. Ltd. or Apple inc. fluctuates less in magnitude but share price of a small cap co witnesses huge volatility?
A simple thread to explain the economics behind stock fluctuations!👇🧵
#investing #financialliteracy

1. Penny stocks show huge volatility but on the other hand stock of large cap companies show little fluctuations.
Did you ever observe how ‘Foreign Exchange’ rates show little fluctuation and are range bound?
Let us understand the economics behind it.

2. In this thread we will learn two things,
👉Why large companies show quick change in their prices though the magnitude of change is less?
👉What causes huge jump in prices of penny stocks? Or why on a bad day they can easily fall with huge magnitude?

3. First things first. Let us understand who decides the price of goods? Is it the ‘Buyer(s)’ or the ‘Seller(s)’?
The answer to this basic question is that price is decided by both of them.

This is because,
👉 A ‘Buyer’ would always be willing to buy any commodity at lesser price.
👉 A ‘Seller’, on the other hand would try to sell his product at a greater price.

Asana is the tool we all know even if we don't use it ourselves. With that famous B2C CEO that decided to do SaaS next.

It's crossed $250,000,000 in ARR and is starting to march upmarket

Here are 5 Interesting Learnings from Asana at $250M ARR:

#1. Asana, like Slack, has self-service roots. But now, 40% of its customers are closed by the sales team, trending to 50%.

Asana is now planning to double the size of its sales team in 2020

#2. Asana has 115% NRR overall, but it's the segmentation that's interesting.

140% NRR for $50k+ customers
125% NRR for $5k-$50k customers
100% or so NRR for < $5k customers

Given it still skews 60% SMB, this is consistent with other market leaders like Zendesk, etc

#3. Asana is growing 55% at $250M+ in ARR, which is very impressive and top-tier. But its $50k+ accounts are growing >>100%+<<

We saw with Zendesk and Shopify the SMB growth keep pace with enterprise, and we saw with Slack enterprise be the engine of growth

Asana is in middle

#4. Its crossed 89,000 customers, so the average customer pays ~$2,800 a year. So the average ticket is still quite small.

Asana has the challenge many of you do. The Big Customers are growing fastest (100% YoY), but 40% of its revenue is still from accounts < $5k ACV.

$ROKU keeps their long term plans a secret. So I looked for clues in their job openings to see what their roadmap might look like. Producing original content, TikTok + more M&A? These are some game changers $ROKU might be hinting at.👇👇

$ROKU could be producing original content. There was a recent job opening for a Lead Production Attorney to work on its slate of original content. Work involves "drafting agreements to hire writers, actors, directors + individual producers". Quibi might not have been an 1-off.

If that isn’t enough, $ROKU is also hiring a ‘Business Affair Lead’ for their ‘Original Programming Business’ to negotiate agreements related to the development, sale and production of episodic/feature length programming. Experience in tv/film production required. 🤔

If $ROKU is producing originals, then some of their moves in the past year start to make a lot of sense: releasing app versions of the Roku Channel, getting the Roku Channel inside Fire TV/Samsung TV and acquiring the license rights from Quibi. They could have set the foundation.

$ROKU is also looking for a ‘Director of Programming’ to help identify ways to "expand its global programming offering into new video and non-video experiences within The Roku Channel". Such as sports, esports, fitness as well as content from digital creators + social videos.

I analyzed 25+ years of #Nifty data to better understand bear markets 🐻

Why?

Given the recent market sell-off and bearish stance of market participants, history and data is your best guide to prepare if we're headed for a bear market.

Thread with findings below 🧵👇
1/n

But first, do you know the definition of a bear market?

When any index falls 20% or more from it's all time high, it is termed to be in a #bearmarket 🐻

How do you calculate length of a bear market? The time duration in days from previous all-time high to market bottom.

2/n

🇮🇳 Nifty last 25 years (1997-2022*)

Number of Bear Markets = 8

Average drawdown % = -38.5%

Average bear market duration = 246 days (8 m)

Key takeaway - Bear markets occur every ~3 years and take on average 8 months to bottom

3/n

1997 and 2006 saw the fastest bear markets with Nifty correcting 20-30% in just ~1 month.

Unbelievably, 1997 had 2 bear markets! Just imagine suffering 20% drawdowns twice in a few months!

Mar 2020 Covid crash was the 3rd fastest and 3rd worst bear market.

4/n

Okay, how should we define Bear Market Recovery?

The no of days from market bottom to a new all-time high.

Sadly, bear markets take time to recover.

Almost double the time to recover to a new ATH compared to the time to form a bottom.

Avg recovery duration – 495 days

5/n

Indian Energy Exchange, like a toll bridge, connects power generators with power consumers & distributors. The alternative to IEX like alternatives to toll bridges is more expensive bilateral agreements.

Fasten your seatbelts as we’ll take you through the 19-20 AR of IEX.

1/

Megatrends for Energy

~Decarbonization
~Decentralization
~Digitization
~Democratization

2/
Transformation in the energy sector
~Benchmark prices for all electricity transactions
~Transparent mechanism for price discovery
~High liquidity on exchange to ensure the lowest cost and assured supply

3/
Key points
~Customer Centricity driven by intuitive, secure, & responsive design
~Efficiency through efficient matching algorithms, automation, & low latency
~State-of-the-Art analytics-based solutions that are future-ready.

4/

IGX
~ Launched on 15th June 2020
~ India’s 1st nation-wide automated gas trading platform
~ Govt plans to increase the share of natural gas from 6% to 15% by 2022
~Enabler in making India transition towards a gas-based economy.

In this #IPO frenzy market, lets talk (Thread) about some basics around
-Angle/VC/PE
-Allotment process
-IPO Funding
-Grey Market

Hit the ‘re-tweet’ & help us educated more investors (1/n)

Why do companies come out with an IPO?

(a) Funding needs
- Business expansion plans
- Debt payoff

(b) Non-Funding requirement
- Enhancing corporate stature
- Exit options to large investors like the VCs & PEs (2/n)

While most of us believe IPOs are for funding requirements, you deep dive and understand it’s more of an exit channel for large investors (VC/PE). Let me explain the same concept from a start-up's perspective (3/n)

If u r starting off ur entrepreneurial journey & need capital, how do u raise funds?
-Self Funding
-Friends & Relatives (F&R)
-Bank Loan
-Angel Investor
Angel investors r the 1s who invest @ the idea stage & PE/VC who invest in the growth phase of the company.(4/n)

- Self funding can be the best option but everyone’s not prepared
- F&R I wish helped
- Bank loans need collateral and
- Angel investors invest only when they see scalability in the business and hence a belief that they will get their investments back. (5/n)

A Bloomberg article today reported that human-run hedge funds trounced quants in 2020 - a turnaround from the experience of recent years. Renaissance Technologies - run by Jim Simons - saw its Institutional Diversified Alpha & Global Equities funds fall by 32% and 31%

The fundamental problem with computer/AI driven trading strats is - and always has been - that the models will never be capable of evaluating novel situations which have not happened before. This was undoing of LTCM, as well as port. insurance which caused 1987 stockmarket crash.

A global pandemic was not in the past datasets, so the bots don't know what to do. AI is only good where you have sizeable and complete datasets that can 'train' the AI to recognized statistical patterns too complex for humans to extract, and use it to make accurate predictions.

This works phenomenally well in situations that regularly recur within the bounds of a confined range of possible outcomes, but it is prone to disastrous error where discontinuities can occur where outcomes can suddenly bear no resemblance to outcomes in past datasets.

How do you teach an AI to determine if there is a cat in photo? You 'train' it by showing it millions of photos labelled by humans that tell the AI whether there was in fact a cat in it or not. The AI pick ups statistical regularities & uses to make inferences on new photos.