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Here are 20 of my best threads from 2020 covering personal finance, entrepreneurship, economics & finance, investment banking ++ useful resources.

Massively grateful to everyone who took time out to read, comment & share these across the year. I really appreciate you.

[Thread]

 1. Breaking-in – study notes, free textbooks & past papers
https://t.co/vC2kAXeRWI
2. Breaking-in – the job connector thread
https://t.co/m1e6AX7ydJ
3. Breaking-in – book smart vs. street smart
https://t.co/SqeNkOQkMo
4. Personal Finance – MEGA Property Thread
https://t.co/pT1y4PfXPt
5. Personal Finance – Good time to buy a house?
https://t.co/rWAhV1hYeU
6. Personal finance – property stockvels
https://t.co/N4xSWIUZ8M
7. Personal Finance – Crowd1
https://t.co/AUbUv9D9H5
8. Entrepreneurship –Raising Capital
https://t.co/v81clU04xX
9. Entrepreneurship – Surviving corporate
https://t.co/fOv45afkQQ
10. Entrepreneurship – Privilege of capital
https://t.co/MbCsT8A4Pe
11. Entrepreneurship – networking
https://t.co/IU95NkxhIr
12. Economics & Finance – Oil Prices
https://t.co/fmVvK6J7a6
13. Economics & Finance – Fiscal stimulus
https://t.co/GqF5ajrruP
14. Economics & Finance – Net worth
https://t.co/obl2o1wewU
15. Investment banking – casual dining deals
https://t.co/AwLVJc967E
16. Investment banking – Kylie cosmetic deal
https://t.co/wyS9IyZHiS
17. Investment banking – IPOs
https://t.co/eZkeHS9lTx
18. Investment banking – Kanye, Yeezy deal
https://t.co/ELxXp9fHQg
19. Investment Banking – OnlyFans
https://t.co/BIza8YK215
20. Investment banking – Hertz deal
https://t.co/QXxDMaMRpQ
BONUS THREADS: The BankerX Mega Resource Thread
https://t.co/Hqvp941J4M
Shout-out for making to the end!

For more threads, resources & useful links - feel free to join our Telegram channel at https://t.co/v3uNq6IvBk

You can also check out @Banker__X & https://t.co/XU09rc61BD.

More from Koshiek Karan

Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
You're about to invest in the next biggest company to list on the stock exchange. You dream of a luxury island & a private jet - but you end up eating canned food instead.

Here's a guide to the insider secrets of IPOs [Thread]

Hold on, what is an IPO? Indian Police Officer?

No, it's an Initial Public Offering

It's when a private company issues stock to the public to raise capital. Facebook, Airbnb & Apple are IPO companies

It's not just US companies. I worked on IPOs in London, Johannesburg & Lagos

"The Roadshow/ Marketing"

The IPO process can be long!

The company hires a few investment banks to go out & sell the story to investors. Think of it as a series of dates. Do you tell her you leave towels on the floor on the first date? No.

Investment banks sell the highlights

Pro-tip: NEVER invest into a company purely off the company roadshow materials. Having spent hours curating these docs - the wording is ALWAYS massaged.

Your go-to is the prospectus - the Bible for an IPO

Here's the Airbnb prospectus - check it

What should I be looking for in the prospectus?

Just like your cheating ex - don't focus on what he's saying, focus on what isn't being said.

- Forecasts: always take these with a pinch of salt
- Key risks: dry but important
- Why we need the money: MOST IMPORTANT!
TRADING
Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
Running a small company or need cash for your side hustle? Here's the ultimate capital raising guide [Thread]

Ways to raise capital:

1. Bootstrapping
2. Bank Debt
3. Working Capital/ Revolving Facilities
4. Angle Investors
5. Venture Capital
6. Private Equity
7. Crowdfunding
8. Government Agencies
9. Get a Business Partner
10. Funding competitions

1. Bootstrapping

The cheapest way of funding. Build the company with savings & family contributions. Privilege is a massive factor in getting off the ground.

Jeff Bezos' parents ploughed $245k into his e-commerce startup. Bill Gates' parents funded his founding company.

2. Bank Debt

Banks take credit risk which means they're often fucking conservative. They will focus on your ability to repay the debt & pricing depends on the probability of you defaulting*

*Pro-tip: don't use bank funding to frequent strip clubs, use shareholder money instead

3. Drawdown facilities

Probably the most underused, useful type of funding. You can borrow against the assets of your company for really cheap. Most companies have short-term liquidity issues

I have worked on deals where these type of facilities were used to buy small companies
ALL
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Don Petty Cash
Don Petty Cash
@iamkoshiek
Contemplating quitting your corporate job to become your own boss? [Thread]

Money

Making money is much easier when you have money. More importantly, having dry powder buys you time.

Starting with anything less than 6 months salary can be suicide. Bonus if you can get to a year saved up.

Flicking the switch on monetizing a new business isn't instant.

The fine print

Scrape through your employment contract to check for non-compete clauses, lock-in periods for approaching competitors, policy on recruiting existing employees.

Check what the notice period is, number of leave days you have to cash & how to transfer your pension.

IP

NEVER work on your personal business using a company device. Also resist the urge to send that sexy excel model to your personal email. Imagine chilling in Pollsmoor for a workbook.

Many companies run a check when you resign to check what you recently emailed & printed.

Skills

Level up as much as you can. Make a detailed checklist of everything you want to master before you bounce. Ideal skills are versatile, resilient and future-proof.

The more advanced your skills, the better your chances of someone paying you for those abilities.
ALL
Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
Step by step guide on how to buy/ sell tweets

You're essentially minting a tweet, creating a NFT, transacting on the blockchain & settling payment in ETH


NFT is a non-fungible token

Fancy term for a digital certificate for intellectual property. Think of it like an autograph. Someone pays for your autograph and keeps it as an investment.

Your autograph (NFT) here is a digital certificate of your tweet.

What info is on the digital certificate?

The tweet remains on Twitter under your account. The digital certificate contains metadata of the original tweet.

Metadata = when you posted the tweeted, the time, contents, your digital signature from your crypto wallet

Here's the steps:

1. Verification & Tweet Listing
Login to https://t.co/2UhT8QJTFQ so Twitter can verify which tweets are yours

2. Set up crypto wallet
Add the metamask extension to your browser to interact with cryptocurrency https://t.co/59kxXX5JUt

3. Review & accept offers
TRADING TWEETS
Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
Bonds explained in 90 seconds! [Thread]

Wait, what's a bond?

Very simply, it's a loan.

Instead of borrowing money from a bank, a company (or government) will borrow from investors. So investors will give the company money & in exchange they get paid interest (called coupons)

Fancy term for the IOU is "bond issuance"


I'm an investor, how do the mechanics work?

Company sells you a bond for $100 and promises you 5% every year for 3 years. They also pay you $100 at the end.

Yr 1: $5
Yr 2: $5
Yr 3: $5 + $100

That's $115 (or a 15% return) after 3 years. Right?

The real return is closer to 10%


Why are my returns so much lower?

$100 today is worth more than $100 in 3 years from now - yes, inflation!

Even at a modest 1.5% inflation each year, the $100 you give up today is worth less than $96 in 3 years from now.

ILBs (inflation linked bonds) try & help solve this.


How come bonds are always quoted in yields (%s) instead of actual prices like shares?

Bonds have different maturities* & coupons - quoting a percentage makes it easy to compare different bonds & compare against other assets.

*Maturity = time to get paid back (3yrs in example)
BONDS

More from Twitter

Ghost Rat (Rata Fantasma) \U0001f47b\U0001f400\U0001f637
Ghost Rat (Rata Fantas...
@The_Ghost_Rat
Happy 2021, everyone!

To kick off the new year right, here is a thread of people that I love to follow. Check them out and follow them if you can. If we follow each other and you want to be added, please let me know.

Love,
Rata
TWITTER
Cory Doctorow #BLM
Cory Doctorow #BLM
@doctorow
Today's Twitter threads (a Twitter thread).

Inside: Privacy Without Monopoly; Broad Band; $50T moved from America's 90% to the 1%; and more!

Archived at: https://t.co/QgK8ZMRKp7

#Pluralistic

1/


This weekend, I'm participating in Boskone 58, Boston's annual sf convention.

https://t.co/2LfFssVcZQ

Tonight, on a panel called "Tech Innovation? Does Silicon Valley Have A Mind-Control Ray, Or a Monopoly?" at 530PM Pacific.

2/


Privacy Without Monopoly: A new EFF white paper, co-authored with Bennett Cyphers.

https://t.co/TVzDXt6bz6

3/


Broad Band: Claire L Evans's magesterial history of women in computing.

https://t.co/Lwrej6zVYd

4/


$50T moved from America's 90% to the 1%: The hereditary meritocracy is in crisis.

https://t.co/TquaxOmPi8

5/
TWITTER
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Cory Doctorow #BLM
Cory Doctorow #BLM
@doctorow
Today's Twitter threads (a Twitter thread).

Inside: ADT insider threat; Billionaires think VR stops guillotines; Privacy Without Monopoly; and more!

Archived at: https://t.co/nu1HbReiEX

#Pluralistic

1/


This Wednesday, I'm giving a talk called "Technology, Self-Determination, and the Future of the Future" for the Purdue University CERIAS Program:

https://t.co/po5IivZyr4

2/


ADT insider threat: If you build it they will spy.

https://t.co/kJrmtu8L3S

3/


Billionaires think VR stops guillotines: TARP with tasps.

https://t.co/MIKwvsICkr

4/


Privacy Without Monopoly: Podcasting a reading of the latest EFF whitepaper.

https://t.co/R2sl75y4rb

5/
TWITTER
Tyler Black, MD
Tyler Black, MD
@tylerblack32
If you post something to twitter, a social media platform by which ideas are shared, and you don't want people to comment on it or provide their opinions, you can use many tools on twitter (locking account, changing who can reply).

Calling disagreement "disrespectful" is bizarre

If you wish to curate replies, you have many options. First, you can change who can reply.

"Everyone can reply" opens it up to the world
"People you follow" ensures that people you've selected are only able to reply
"People you've mentioned" means just that - specfically.

/2


note that this does NOT stop retweets nor does it stop "quote tweet replies", an annoying type of reply that twitter SHOULD allow you to block if you choose.

/3

Alternatively, you can select individual replies you don't like, and remove those from the conversation. In response to this, i'm picking on the lovely @dranniehickox's reply (i'm happy with it!)

Note: people will see "the author has hidden this, would you like to see?"

/4


Another excellent option is to lock your account. This means that you can 100% control who sees your content, and your content is not re-tweetable.

/5
TWITTER
Mark Brooks
Mark Brooks
@markbrooks
1/ My first @threadapalooza. I've been managing people for 18+ yrs and tweeting about it for 10. Here's 100 tweets on what I've learned and try to implement in my work @PermanentEquity :

2/ If a company's highest paid people had jobs they'd only observed, had never trained for, and had no actual experience doing, you'd think it was crazy. Yet this describes people managers in most orgs.

3/ Managing people is not a promotion in your current line of work. It is an entirely new career that uses a different set of skills. Train. Your. People Managers.

4/ If your employees feel like they have to manage people to make more money, that's a fail. Management jobs are for people who are passionate about helping others optimize their gifts, not just for people looking for more compensation.

5/ Provide non-management career options that offer better compensation for specializing in a certain area and documenting/communicating what you know. This helps keep bad managers out of management.
TWITTER

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Simon DeDeo
Simon DeDeo
@SimonDeDeo
Donna Strickland, one of this year's Nobel Laureates, was not considered "notable enough" for Wikipedia as late as this May—reported by a number of sites, including the Independent. I dug into this a little. Here's the data—


This is the first deletion, back in 2014. A bit hard to read between the lines, but the basic story that an admin had Stickland's page "speedy deleted"—i.e., deleted without debate. The method was something called Copyright Jujitsu.

In particular, the admin had the page deleted not because of notability, but because it included a photograph of Strickland that had ambiguous copyright status. This is a method that people developed to get rid of content they didn't want, but also didn't want to debate.

"Copyright Jujitsu" because it is usually used against spam from companies; a PR officer uploads promotional material to Wikipedia. Instead of debating whether it's neutral, the admin can say "we'd love to have it, but the material appears to violate your company's copyright".

Usually the PR office and the IP office are separate in a company, and the idea of releasing promotional material under public domain is such a legal nightmare that the PR person goes away.
ALL
Dani\xeblle Stotijn
Daniëlle Stotijn
@DDay35962863
NESARA / GESARA explained for all who are not aware.

"The End of Poverty, The End of Debt, The Beginning of a New Golden Age!"

No Poverty, No Hunger, No Debt, Only Global Prosperity and Peace for ALL

NESARA will merge with GESARA

N = National (US)
G = Global
CRYPTO
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Pran Katariya
Pran Katariya
@KatariyaPran
The Straddle is my favorite trade these days. But more often than not, one needs to adjust to make a good return from it. There are many ways to do this depending on your view, psychology and imagination. Will discuss a few that I use

The Straddle is a delta neutral strategy and it is important to keep deltas in check during the course of the Trade and not let them run away from you. Of course Volatility is the elephant in the room- but not going there as that will require a separate discussion

The first and most common method is to go 'inverted.' That is to say to shift the untested side to generate additional Premium and increase the runway to Breakeven. So if you start with a Straddle at 700 and price goes to 740, you can move the PE up to say 720.

How much should you move the untested side? While again this is a matter of skill, experience and artistry, the rule of thumb is to cut deltas by half. Remember, prices will move and you have to allow sufficient room for them to fluctuate

The second method is to shift the entire Straddle in the direction of the move. So if you have a 700 Straddle and Price goes to 740, you can shift the Straddle to 720. If you time this right, it can generally be done at virtually no cost or minimal cost.
ALL , OPTION SELLING , STRADDLE OPTION SELLING
Khatvaanga
Khatvaanga
@khatvaanga
Starting my 2nd thread on Sringeri Parampara. This will cover the Jagadgurus after Sri Vidyaranya to Sri Shivabhinava Nrisimha Bharati.

It is really very tough to match the brilliance and achievements of Vidyaranya. After whom came 15 - Chandrashekara Bharati [1386-1389].

The next Acharya was Nrisimha Bharati [1389-1408]. Harihara raya found a town for this Acharya - Narasimhapuram. Acharya helped the king by guiding him in political affairs. He also initiated the kind with mahamantras for spiritual development.

Subsequent Acharyas were
15-Puroshottama Bharati [1408 - 1448]
16-Shankara Bharati[1448 - 1455]
17-Chandrasekhara Bharati II [1455 - 1464]
18- Nrisimha Bharati II [1464 - 1479]
19-Puroshottama Bharati II [1479 - 1517]

20-Ramachandra Bharati [1517 - 1560]. Sadashiva Raya was emporer of Vijayanagara during this time.
21-Nrisimha Bharati III [1560 - 1573]
22-Nrisimha Bharati IV [1573 - 1576]
23-Nrisimha Bharati V [1576 - 1600]

24-Abhinava Nrisimha Bharati [1600-1623]. When he visited Malahanikareswara temple for first time he noticed there was no Vinayaka there so he took piece of turmeric and drew outline of Ganesha on a pillar and offered puja.
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Marina Amaral
Marina Amaral
@marinamaral2
Rio de Janeiro, 1920. 🇧🇷


São Paulo, 1910. 🇧🇷


“Arpoador”, Rio de Janeiro, 1900. 🇧🇷


“Avenida Paulista”, São Paulo, 1902. 🇧🇷


Recife, 1885. 🇧🇷
HISTORY