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BATTLE OF THE BULGE DAY 3: DECEMBER 18, 1944

Battling Bastards of Bastogne

~2:15 AM, Major General Matthew Ridgway, unaware of the fighting in Ardennes, and sleeping in his HQ, is awakened by a call from Lieutenant General Courtney Hodges, commander of First Army.

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Hodges, calling from the town of Spa in Belgium, tells Ridgway that the Germans are smashing through the Ardennes & the XVIII Airborne Corps had been released from theater reserve and assigned to First Army to help push back the offensive.

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Until just recently, with the creation of the 18th Airborne Corps, there was no traditional "reserve" in the European Theater. Now, the 18th was the reserve.

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Ridgway sends the 101st and 82nd into the teeth of the ferocious German attack.

Here’s Jim Gavin, 82nd commander, who would push east to Werbomont, Belgium.

The 101st would drive into the wood chipper outside of Bastogne, Belgium.

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The 101st, in particular, was in no shape to go back into the fight.

Scientists who have died during #CONGRESS rule
1 ) Homi J Bhabha 24 January 1966
Reason Plane crash at Mount Blanc , Alps
Gregory Douglas revealed CIA was responsible for assassinating Homi Bhabha no investigation done

2 ) Vikram Sarabhai 30th December 1971
Hailed as the father of India’s space programme, was found dead in a hotel room in Kovalam. He had shown no signs of illness the previous evening and died rather mysteriously. His cremation was performed without even an autopsy.

3 ) Lokanathan Mahalingam Jun 12, 2009 He was working at the Kaiga atomic power station in Karnataka, apparently went out for a morning walk & never returned. His body was found 5 days later. Why was the scientist’s body cremated before the DNA tests were released?

4 ) M Padmanabhan Iyer February 23, 2010. was found dead in his residence Finding no fingerprints or clues at crime scene, the forensics declared the cause of death “unexplained” and the investigations came to a standstill

5 ) K K Josh and Abhish Shivam October 7 ,2013 Two high ranking engineers on India’s 1st nuclear-powered submarine were found at railway tracks near Vizag They were not hit by any train, but yet were dead. They were poisoned elsewhere before being placed on the tracks.

In this thread, I will argue that the conventional wisdom that Shannon's information theory is all about syntax and not about semantics stems from superficial reading. On the contrary, even his 1948 BSTJ paper is already concerned with syntax, semantics, *and* pragmatics. 1/14

Of course, it does not help matters that Shannon himself states that "semantic aspects of communication are irrelevant to the engineering problem" of communication on the first page of his paper. But you have to read the entire paper, not just the first page. 2/14

Let's first pin down the notions of syntax, semantics, and pragmatics in the sense of Charles Morris: syntax is about relation of symbols to other symbols, semantics is about their relation to objects, and pragmatics is about their relation to subjects. 3/14

Let's start with pragmatics. The full formulation of Shannon's theory is concerned with the problem of reliable communication of some state of the world over a noisy medium, subject to a fidelity criterion. This is an operationalist, pragmatist concern. 4/14

We may envision the problem where we take an action U contingent on the state of the world X and incur the cost c(X,U). We cannot access the state of the world directly, but must mediate the act of selecting the action through transmission of symbols over a noisy channel. 5/14

Today is Holocaust Remembrance Day (a thread and history lesson)

In 1919 a young World War I veteran electrified a dissatisfied and bitter populace with his speeches in the beer halls of Bavaria

His name was Adolf Hitler

His ideas would lead to 50M dead across Europe
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Hitler as an orator spread a message against communism, socialism, non-traditional ideas, and increasingly the Jewish people

He believed that a conspiracy of leftist, led by the Jewish people sold out Germany in World War I, preventing victory

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Anton Drexler started the German Worker's Party or DAP, in 1918

In 1919 he wanted to rename it the German Socialist Worker's Party but a young Hitler objected to the name socialist being included

Drexler wanted to add the name to garner support with the middle classes

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The DAP was rooted in the concept of an Aryan master race, anti-Semitism, anti-Marxism, was against the World War I armistice, and believed Germany could have won the war

All of these ideas appealed to Hitler, who also believe Germany could have won WWI

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Among Hitler's earliest followers, Hermann Goering heard Adolf speak for the first time in 1919

Goering was a World War I hero and had liked wearing his uniform

He was badly beaten in late 1918 by a group of Communists, the injuries left him a drug addict

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This Day in Labor History: January 1, 1935. The Carl Mackley Houses opened in Philadelphia. Built by the Hosiery Workers Union, this project created workers’ housing complexes that combined ideas of solidarity with modern architecture and the working class future! Let's explore!

Decent housing for workers in cities was expensive and this is why unions began to become interested in new ideas to solve this problem. This was not the only example of a union-based housing project during these years.

The Hosiery Workers’ sister union, the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, was already working on such a project and the International Ladies Garment Workers Union had worked to create a workers’ cooperative apartment building in the Bronx as early as 1925.

Philadelphia had a higher home ownership rate than other cities, but most of this was single-family and the rental market was very tight.

So the Hosiery Workers decided to target a union-sponsored housing complex for its members and other workers. It believed that big projects were better for workers and hoped to influence federal housing policy through its housing program.

@tribelaw Hi, Germany 🇩🇪 here again.
[Thread.]
In the 1970's West Germany suffered from severe series of domestic terrorism.
The Rote Armee Fraktion RAF.
Their attacks on capitalism, targeted Bankers, Politicians, Embassies. To finance, they were committing robbery, killing police.
... /1

October 20, 1977, former chancellor Helmut Schmidt held a speech on the responsibility of the democracy to protect his citizens, as also had been outlined by the German Supreme Court.
He said :
... /2

"The Federal Constitutional Court did in the early Morning hours of October 16 on behalf of ours People recognized for right: Articles 1 and 2 of ours Of the Basic Law oblige the state to to protect life. This duty to protect is full.
.../3

She commands the state to protect itself and to put it in front of this life in a promoting way; this means above all, it also protects against unlawful attacks by Preserving the pages of others.
... /4

Have at this commandment all state organs, depending on their particular Tasks, align.
All state organs!
... /5

Navayan and Buddhism of Ambedkar

BR Ambedkar announced to accept Buddhism on 14th October, 1956 in a press conference.

He formed a new sect Navayan inspite of following pre existing sects such as Mahayana, Vajrayan and Heenayan.

Along with him about 4 lakhs people accepted his sect. His book "Buddha and his dhamma" is the basis of his sect.

BR believed that Buddhist sects were distorted with time and gradually were filled with seemingly stupid beliefs.

He rejected most of the Buddhist philosophies.

He declared that 4 ultimate truth mentioned in Buddhist texts is not the original Buddhist teaching.

The story of Buddha getting inspired by old person, ill person, corpse and an ascetic was rejected by BR Ambedkar.

He believed that Buddha and his knowledge came from watching the struggle in society, and political anarchy.

Ambedkar rejected Buddhist philosophies of Karma, rebirth and anachronism as superstition.

He criticized the tradition to become an ascetic after renouncing the family

He interpreted the Nirvana theory after eliminating the metaphysical aspect of it. He reduced nirvana to a social status.

He believed that Buddha originally didn't propagated these philosophies, but they were later added by some stupid, cunning and superstitious people.

Do u know about the Diamond known as The Eye of Brahma?

The Eye of Brahma also known as Black Orlov is 7th largest black diamond in the world of Indian origin. It weighs 67.50carats(13.500 g).The diamond was originally 195carats(39.0g)&was discovered in early 19th century India.

The Black Orlov featured as one of the eyes in a statue of the Hindu god Brahma in Puducherry. One night a European Jesuit priest who asked for refuge inside the temple, took advantage of the generosity, plucked and looted the diamond out of the idol's eyes.

It is said after this incident the diamond became cursed.

In 1932, diamond dealer J. W. Paris reportedly took the diamond to the United States, and soon after committed suicide by jumping from a skyscraper in New York City.

Later owners of the diamond included two Russian princesses, Leonila Galitsine-Bariatinsky and Nadia Vygin-Orlov (after whom the diamond is named). Both women allegedly jumped to their deaths in the 1940s.

The diamond was later bought by Charles F. Winson, and cut into three pieces in an attempt to break the curse; the 67.5-carat Black Orlov was set into a brooch of 108 diamonds, suspended from a necklace of 124 diamonds.

The world is today at equilibrium. Battery operated devices use DC current and the misc household and industrial appliances use AC current

But almost 140 years ago, that was not the case. A fierce battle was fought between two scientists Tesla and Edison over it. #CBG_Thread 1/n

Thomas Edison, a prolific inventor, changed the course of history with the invention of electric bulb in 1870s. It opened up a new market hitherto unknown. 2/n

Edison , backed by J P Morgan, founded a new company Edison General Electric ( now GE) to make motors, appliances, wires etc to develop and service this new market. 3/n

Interestingly, all appliances were based on Direct Current (DC) - similar to what you get from batteries these days. Current flows in one direction only, unlike Alternating Current (AC) - such as 220V supply at home these days. 4/n

Nikola Tesla immigrated to US in 1884 to work for Edison as Electric Engineer for a salary of $100. Tesla was a maverick with novel ideas. He wanted to create an efficient arc lighting and AC motor. Edison however was too arrogant to be receptive to any ideas. 5/n

The Amazons of Dahomey.

It is noon on a humid Saturday in the fall of 1861, and a missionary by the name of Francesco Borghero has been summoned to a parade ground in Abomey, the capital of the small West African state of Dahomey.

He is seated on one side of a huge, open square right in the center of the town–Dahomey is renowned as a “Black Sparta,” a fiercely militaristic society bent on conquest, whose soldiers strike fear into their enemies all along what is still known as the Slave Coast.

The maneuvers begin in the face of a looming downpour, but King Glele is eager to show off the finest unit in his army to his European guest.
As Father Borghero fans himself, 3,000 heavily armed soldiers march into the square and begin a mock assault on a series of defenses...

designed to represent an enemy capital. The Dahomean troops are a fearsome sight, barefoot and bristling with clubs and knives. A few, known as Reapers, are armed with gleaming three-foot-long straight razors, each wielded two-handed and capable, the priest is told, of slicing...

a man clean in two.
The soldiers advance in silence, reconnoitering. Their first obstacle is a wall—huge piles of acacia branches bristling with needle-sharp thorns, forming a barricade that stretches nearly 440 yards.

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By Jan 13, 1945, the Allies entered the final (and most historically overlooked) phase of the Battle of the Bulge

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By midday 75 years ago, all final Allied offensive actions were in motion.

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So, to set the table, let's remember who is who here.

CAST OF CHARACTERS

In the South, Patton's 3rd Army is still slowly making its way northeast to Houffalize (remember, they've been making progress that way since Jan 3rd).

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In the North, you've got
Robert Hasbrouck (commander of 7th Armored Division)

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In the North, you've also got Leland Hobbs who commanded the 30th Infantry Division. Hobbs and Hasbrouck reported to...

Historical Gurdwaras of Hazor Sahib

1. Gurdwara Nagina Ghat ⠀
A rich merchant’s expensive nagina (precious stone set in gold) was thrown by Guru Gobind Singh Ji into Godavri River. The merchant thought Guru Ji did not know the value of the nagina. Mahraj read his thought and

asked him to take out the nagina if it was so valuable. It is said that when he entered the river he was surprised to see the river bed full of precious stones. Purged of his false pride, he fell at Guru Ji’s feet. It was also from this place that Mahraj shot an arrow revealing

their Tap Asthan (meditation place) of Satyug, Sachkand Shri Hazor Sahib.⠀

2. Takht Sri Sachkand Abchalnagar Hazor Sahib. One of the 5 Takhts of Sikhs. Despite being the site where Kalgidhar Patshah Ji left their physical body from, their presence is felt strongly here.

3. Bunga Mai Bhago Ji
In compound of Takht Sri Hazor Sahib Ji, this Bunga is built in memory of Mai Bhago Ji. Housing weapons believed to be of Mai Bhago Ji and 40 Mukte. The two Angitha Sahib of Pyare Bhai Daya Singh ji and Pyare Bhai Dharam Singh Ji are also situated here.

4. Gurdwara Hira Ghat⠀
When Guru Gobind Singh Ji first came to Nanded from Punjab, they pitched their tents right here on the back of Godavri River. It was also here where it’s believed that emperor Bahadur Shah presented Guruji a hira (diamond) which they flung into the

Revisiting Richard Hofstadter's essay 'The Pseudo-Conservative Revolt' (1955). Here are the highlights of an essay that was in many ways prescient: (thread)

Hofstadter sketches out a distinction between restrained conservatism and pseudoconservatives revolting against the present. It's a shame he drew so heavily on Adorno's research, which doesn't offer him much.

But this characterization of pseudoconservatives resonates deeply right now.

Hofstadter considers causes, but also hints at business interests (and nowadays donors) harnessing pseudoconservatism, and highlights how making money through pseudoconservatism incentivizes paranoia. Consider Alex Jones, Glenn Beck, Dinesh D'Souza and so on.

Why are pseudoconservatives obsessed by the threat of *their own government*, Hofstadter wonders.

In ancient times, our ancestors wore wooden khadau (sandal) in the feet.

The thought of our ancestors was completely scientific even after wearing wooden stands on the feet.

The science of electrical waves which was later found by scientists was understood long before by our sages, earth absorbs electrical waves of body due to low potential that's why they started wearing wooden Khadau

cause Wood is a good resistant which prevents electrical waves of body to get absorbed by Earth.

According to the theory, the electric waves flowing in the body are absorbed by the Earth due to low potential of the earth.

If this process continues , then the biological force of the body decreases.
In order to save this biological power,

our ancestors started the practice of wearing the Khadau in the feet so that the electrical waves of the body could not be in contact with the Earth and get absorbed.

This Day in Labor History: January 5, 1914. Henry Ford announced his famous $5 a day wage to his workers. But let's be clear; Ford was a horrible human who treated his workers awful. He's no model and we need to talk about this!

Turnover was a massive problem for employers through the early 20th century. The horrors of industrialization combined with callousness of employers to lead to workers constantly seeking a job that was just a little bit less terrible than the last.

The growth of assembly line work made this worse because it was so boring. Treating a worker like a machine, as Henry Ford did, deskilled and depressed workers who had once partially defined themselves through their physical labor.

This labor was just as physical and exhausting, but required no thinking and provided no satisfaction. Thus the Ford Motor Company had the same turnover problems as other industries. In 1913, the turnover rate for the company was 370 percent.

Ford decided he needed to do something about this turnover. So he began to think about what would become known as welfare capitalism.

Thread – The Inexorable Marxist Push in America

1. Americans thought the war with Communism was “over” after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Well, at least some did.

2. Others, on the other hand, buried deep into Academia, Hollywood, and other US cultural institutions and worked to subvert America from within – some even overtly so, working in the various Marxist political parties to stir up protests and later violence in the streets.

3. Always, the Marxists/Socialists perpetuate the myth that socialism will work “the next time” when the “right people” are in charge. It is a continuing pipedream of theirs.

3A. It will never work because it is contrary to human nature. Ask any former resident of a socialist country about that!

4. Though we may not be around to see it, in the end the Marxists (evil) running free and unchecked in the BLM and Antifa movements will consume themselves, and after that from their ashes, good will find its way back.