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“Thread: History of Valentines Day”

Ancient historical sources have claimed the existence of several saints by the name of St.Valentines who died on Feb 14. Among them, two were executed during the reign of Roman Emperor Claudius Gothicus in 269-270 A.D.
#valentinesday2021

[1]

 It was the time when the Christian persecution was common. Another legendary account states that under the rule of Claudius II, Rome was involved in the bloody campaigns, therefore, to maintain a strong army, Claudius II banned all marriages and engagements in Rome.

[2]
The reason of forbidding marriages was forced by the reluctance of people to join military because of their strong attachment to their wives. But St. Valentine defied the orders of the Emperor Claudius II Gothicus and married couples secretly to spare the husbands from war.

[3]
A few claims have reported that St.Valentine endorsed illegal relationships which could end up into a marriage. When it was discovered by the emperor, St. Valentine was arrested and condemned to have his head cut off.

[4]
An order of Belgian monks spent almost three centuries to explore the lives of saints by the name of St.Valentines from archives around the world. Bollandists suggested, that there weren’t actually two decapitated Valentines, but the two different versions of one saint’s...

[5]
..legend appeared in both Rome and Terni. As per another claim, Valentine’s Day has its origins in the Roman festival of Lupercalia which was celebrated on the ides of February i.e the 15th Feb. It was a fertility festival dedicated to Faunus, the Roman god of agriculture

[6]
Lupercalia was also dedicated to Romulus and Remus; the founders of Rome. This festival was purportedly denounced by Pope Gelasius in 496 A.D.

But no evidence exists whether Pope replaced Lupercalia with the more sedate cult of the St. Valentine or any other celebration.

[7]
Although the Roman Catholic Church continues to recognize St. Valentine as a saint of the church, he was removed from the General Roman Calendar in 1969 for the following reason: "Though the memorial of Saint Valentine is ancient, it is left to particular calendars, since...

[8]
apart from his name, nothing is known of Saint Valentine except that he was buried on the Via Flaminia on February 14.".

It is claimed that the Christian church may have decided to place St. Valentine’s feast day in the middle of February in an effort to ‘Christianize’...

[9]
the pagan celebration of Lupercalia. Medieval legends have given accounts of St. Valentine performing Christian marriage rituals; passing notes between Christian lovers jailed by Claudius Gothicus and tales of St.Valentine romantically involved with the blind girl he cured.

[10]
Valentine’s Day was not celebrated as a day of romance until about 14th century when the notions of courtly love surfaced. Jack B.Oruch, a professor at the University of Kansas, argues that the poet Geoffrey Chaucer was the first person to link Valentine’s Day to romance.

[11]
This indicates that the love connection probably appeared more than a thousand years after the death of St. Valentine, when Geoffrey Chaucer, author of “The Canterbury Tales” had decreed the February feast of St. Valentinus to the mating of birds seven hundred years after..

[12]
..the celebration of Lupercalia was believed to have ceased. Chaucer, in his “Parlement of Foules” wrote:

“For this was on seynt Volantynys day. Whan euery bryd comyth there to chese his make”.

[13]
Even Shakespeare’s lovestruck Ophelia spoke of herself as Hamlet’s Valentine. The first Valentine's Day card dates back to 1415 when the Duke of Orleans sent a card to his wife when he was a prisoner in the Tower of London. In the US, Valentine's Day cards became popular...

[14]
.. during the Revolutionary War. In the years followed, the alleged love fiction surrounding February 14th stayed elusive; however, industrialization and capitalism over commercialized the idea of love by associating it with a day whose historical origins remained precarious.
Bibliography:

1. https://t.co/LSUF1lgoCl

2. https://t.co/nt43H70mYv

3. https://t.co/laNAooLIxQ.
https://t.co/k7ax7Pl5Kg

4. https://t.co/5Bs9QWHNDG

5. https://t.co/RODX0tc65u

6. https://t.co/ftP8uJirXy

7. https://t.co/XEjUgdtISG

8. https://t.co/cMz0qADsq0

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BJP is planning to undertake 'Rath Yatra' in Delhi's riot-affected areas to seek donations for Ram Temple on Feb 1. In 1990, L.K. Advani had launched Rath Yatra from Somnath to Ayodhya.

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Between April 1989 and April 1990, 262 people died in Gujarat, mostly were Muslims. In October 1990, days after Advani’s yatra began, 41 were killed in Ahmedabad. The same month, 52 were killed in Jaipur, 20 in Jodhpur, 33 in Lucknow, over 100 in Delhi, 37 in Assam,

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18 in Patna and 165 in Hyderabad. Also in October, a pogrom against Muslims in Bhagalpur, Bihar, saw 960 killed in which 900 were Muslims. In November, 31 were killed in Agra, again mostly Muslim and 13 in Indore. In Dec, 60 were killed in Karnataka and 134 in Hyderabad.

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Many parts of India remained tense for long periods of time. Between April and May 1990, three riots in Kanpur killed 30; between May and November 1991 more than 50 were killed in Varanasi. In May 1991, 26 including 24 Muslims were killed in Vadodara.

[3]

In October 1992, 44 were killed in Sitamarhi. On 6 December 1992, immediately after the Babri Masjid was destroyed, pogroms against Muslims broke out in Surat where 200 died, of whom some 95 per cent were Muslims. In Bhopal in December, 143 were killed.

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The recent act of terrorism against the Hazaras has raised questions. Which terrorist groups carried out the attack? Is the state appeasing terrorists or fighting them?

In this thread, I would give a factual account of what has happened in the last two decades in Balochistan.

In 1998, Riaz Basra who was then a member of Sipah e Sahaba Pakistan (SSP) arrived in Baluchistan along with six fighters; Zahid Multani, Saifullah, Najmus Saqib, Bashir and two others. Riaz Basra met Farooq Bangalzai of Baloch Liberation Army and Habibullah Zehri.

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The meeting was followed by the formation of Lashkar e Jhangvi's Balochistan wing under the command of Zahid Multani. Riaz Basra returned to Jhang while Zahid Multani was given the task of training a force for Lashkar e Jhangvi (LeJ) Balochistan.

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[3]

..it marked the beginning of a targeted killing spree against Hazaras. When General Musharraf came to power, he banned five organizations under the Anti Terrorism Act of 1997, Lashkar e Tayeba (LeT), Jash e Muhammad (JeM), Sipah e Sahaba Pakistan (SSP), TNSM and TJP.

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Following the demolition of Babri Masjid by 150,000 kar sevaks of RSS, BJP and VHP in 1992, there were a number of mosques which were closed down across India after the Sang Parivar threatened to demolish them as well. The names of those mosques are enlisted in this thread:

Punjab
1. Masjid Dakan Sahay Jalandhar
2. Masjid Noor Saray Noor Mehal

Rajasthan
1. Ahya-Din ka Jhonpra, Ajmer Sharif
2. Jamia Masjid, Tambir

Tamil Nadu
1. Masjid Krishnagri
2. Masjid Arkat
3. Purani Masjid of Kila Dhelore
4. Internal Masjid of Kila Dhelore

[1]

5. Masjid Saadatullah Khan Gajni
6. Two mosques of Injin Gri Kila
7. Masjid Shams ud Din Vilaporam
8. Jamia Masjid Vilaporam

Uttar Pradesh
1. Purani Nawabi Masjid, Faizabad
2. Masjid of Haji Iqbal’s Courtyard, Faizabad
3. Jamia Masjid, Banda

4. Inner Mosque of Kila, Jonpur
5. Atla’s Masjid, Jonpur
6. Jamia Masjid, Jonpur
7. Lal Masjid, Lal Darwaza
8. Jhunjari Masjid, Lal Darwaza
9. Char Ungli Masjid, Lal Darwaza
10. Masjid Sheikh Burhan Zafar Abad, District Jonpur
11. Dhara Masjid, Waransi

12. Masjid Asauli, Waransi
13. Nagina Masjid Agra, Qila Agra
14. Akbri Masjid, Agra
15. New Masjid, Agra
16. Moti Masjid, Agra
17. Inner Mosque of Feroz Shah Tomb
18. Masjid of Tomb Jafar Khan
19. Masjid near ROza Diwali Begum
20. Masjid Fateh Pur, Taj Mehal Agra
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Here's a list of all my threads on the fall of Dhaka. I dedicate this small effort to the soldiers who fought valiantly for their country in 1971. May Allah bless their souls and also of those in East Pakistan who were martyred in the cause of Pakistan.

#Bangabandhu
#BlackDay

1. Myth of three million Bengali, 2 lac women raped by Pakistan Army
👇
https://t.co/1AdyFGjCtK

2. Mukti Bahini the forgotten terrorists


3. Why was Operation Search Light launched

https://t.co/kAYLjAj92P

4. Myth of Bengalis being discriminated during the selection process for the armed forces.


5. The nexus of RAW and Mukti Bahini

https://t.co/jzGaUznN9N

6. The Bengali representation in bureaucracy


7. Tragedy of #EastPakistan
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https://t.co/txcGOFcKyr

8. Forgotten Massacres in East Pakistan
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On this day in 2007, the bomb blasts in Samjhauta Express killed 68 people including 44 Pakistanis. The immediate investigations revealed irrefutable evidence about the masterminds. In this thread, I would share some Indian newspaper clips which covered the investigations.


1. Lt Col Prasad Purohit, a serving Indian army officer, was arrested for terror conspiracy in the Malegaon blast case. He was the co founder of Abhinav Bharat, a right wing Hindu organisation. He admitted that he was the mastermind.

(The Times of India, Pune, 7 November 2008)


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(Pune Mirror, 19 Nov 2008)

4. In his narco analysis test, Lt Col Purohit gave sensational information that he supplied explosives for Ajmer and Malegaon blasts at the instance of Mahant Dayanand Pandey.

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#TodayInHistory Ram Prasad Bismil,Ashfaqullah Khan and Roshan Singh are hanged in 1927, as they give up their life for the cause of freedom and inspire many a revolutionary. #LestWeForget


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Why are loops called "loops"?

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Moufang defined "quasigroup" in a much narrower sense than we do now. The details are not part of this story, so I'll skip them. What she called quasigroups we now call Moufang loops in her honor.

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Chant the following 108 times :
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