BC GOVERNMENT
Saved by @CodyyyGardner

A super simple thread to help everyone understand the concept of 'Fiscal Deficit' and what happens when government spends more than its receipts. 👇🧵

#fiscaldeficit #economics #financialliteracy

 1. Let us understand everything bit by bit.
Say, Raju is a businessman. Now, like every businessman, Raju is ambitious and curious to know his profit. Hence, he keeps his accounts to calculate his profit.
2. Throughout the year, his total revenue was Rs.10 lakh and his total expenditure was Rs.8 lakh. Hence, Raju is having profit or surplus of Rs.2 lakh.
3. The next year, due to lack of demand, his revenue fell to Rs.7 lakh and his expenses increased to Rs.9 lakh. Hence, Raju is now having loss or deficit of Rs.2 lakh.
4. Now, let us replace ‘Raju’ with ‘Government’ and you get the concept of ‘Fiscal surplus/ deficit’.
5. To put in simple words, every year government receives income through sources like Taxes, fines, penalties, license fees, etc. and expends money on various infrastructure projects, salaries to its employees, etc.
6. Now if,
👉The Government Receipt (excluding borrowings) > The Government Expenditure, then the difference is called as ‘Fiscal Surplus’.
👉The Government Receipts (excluding borrowings) < The Government Expenditure, then the difference is called as ‘Fiscal Deficit’.
7. Now, in India’s case we rarely see a situation like ‘Fiscal Surplus’ as Government ‘Expenditure’ almost always exceeds Government ‘Receipts’.
Many people see this in a bad light. But, it is not as bad as it looks. Why so? Lets find out!
8. India is a developing country. And when we say this, it would mean that the government is always trying hard to increase the economic growth rate.
9. Now, one way of doing this is by increasing the government expenditure. Let’s dig deep to understand how increased government expenditure could mean good for economy.
10. One man’s income would mean another man’s expenditure. Hence, with government increasing the expenditure, there will be more government projects like construction of airports, roads, dams, flyovers, etc. This would mean more money in the hands of people.
11. Whenever, there is increase in income of people, there will be increase in demand of goods and services due to increase in the purchasing power. Hence, this will cause the money cycle to move faster.
12. More income would also mean more savings and hence the bank deposits will boost. More bank deposits would also boost the loan and credit flow.
More credit would mean businesses would invest more money and there will be increase in employment, output and income.
13. Thus, the government expending more will have a multiplier like effect. You may read this to get a better picture. https://t.co/HiBrbbgXBW
14. Now, another question that may pop up here is how can government spend more than it is earning. Well, that is where the borrowing part comes.
15. The fact that there is Fiscal Deficit and not Fiscal Surplus would mean that the government needs more money for expending that what it actually has.
16. Hence, the government will have to borrow money to finance the deficit. It may borrow from RBI (Reserve Bank of India) or even from International organizations like IMF (International Monetary Fund) or even the World Bank.
17. Every year the government plans its income and expenditure through what we popularly know as ‘Union Budget’. Fiscal Deficit is always expressed as a percentage of GDP (Gross Domestic Product) which truly represents the value of economy for an year.
18. If you want to understand the concept of GDP, you may refer this thread,
https://t.co/hf9ucOopdY
Tagging @gvkreddi, @Dinesh_Sairam, @MehHarshil, @dmuthuk for better reach.
Let us spread financial literacy!

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Layman’s explanation to PE Ratio and how it works.
A long thread! Do Bookmark this for patient reading.

#investing #investors #PEratio

1/ PE (Price Earning) ratio is one of the most important metric used by investors to make decisions while picking up stocks. But, more often than not, it is grossly misunderstood.
Let us decode this metric.

2/ Table of contents
•How to decide what to buy?
oCase A: Case A: Fresh Apple vs Stale Apple
oCase B: Costlier Fresh Apple v/s Cheaper Fresh Apple
oCase C: Apple vs Orange
•How to read PE ratio
•How is PE Ratio misunderstood?
•When will PE Ratio not work?

3/ How do you decide, what to buy?
Case A: Fresh Apple vs Stale Apple


You go to a market and buy an apple. You have a choice to make.
Apple ‘A’ is fresh and juicy. Apple ‘B’ is clearly stale. Apple ‘A’ costs you ₹.20 while Apple ‘B’ costs you only ₹.10.
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swapnilkabra
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A simple thread to help all understand ‘Futures and Options’ in an easy way. Though I would personally not recommend new investors to trade in F & O, but it is always good to know things. 👇🧵

#Investing #Investors #Options #Futures

1. What is a ‘Derivative’?
‘Derivative’ simply means a product which is derived or dependent on some asset. This asset is called as ‘underlying asset’.
Let me simplify this by putting this example.

Both ‘Coffee’ and ‘Tea’ require ‘Milk’ for their making (assuming that you drink it that way, of course) . Hence, if the price of ‘Milk’ increases, the prices of ‘Tea’ and ‘Coffee’ will also increase.


To sum up:
1.‘Milk’ is the independent product. So, it will be considered as ‘Underlying Asset’.
2.‘Tea’ and ‘Coffee’ derive their prices from the price of ‘Milk’. Therefore, these are ‘Derivatives’ of Milk.

Hence, the derivative of a company will derive its price from the price of the shares of a company. Thus, share of a company is the ‘underlying asset’.
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In India, 'RBI' is responsible for 'Monetary Policy' through which it controls 'Inflation' and Economic Growth'.

In this thread, I am going to focus mainly on the role of RBI and how it uses ‘CRR’ and ‘SLR’ as two major tools to control economy. 🧵👇
(1/n)

Let us first understand few basics before we dig into the details. (2/n)

👉The Businesses:
They are the producers of the goods and services. Any business would be happy if it is growing and the prices of the goods and services sold are ever rising. They would be more interested in ‘Economic growth’. (3/n)

👉The Households:
These are the people who are consumers and they spend money to buy goods/ services which are sold by the businesses. Any consumer would be happy if the prices of goods/ services are low. Hence, they would be interested in ‘Less Inflation’. (4/n)

As the prices of goods and services rise, there will be economic growth in nominal sense but then there will also be inflation which is perceived as a problem in developing countries like India. (5/n)
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A small thread to explain the tax implications of dividend of Rs.974 per share declared by #majesco Ltd which is winding up its business🧵👇

1. For starters, Majesco is declaring such huge dividend on account of it selling its US business. But, as an investor, should one think of buying the shares now? Let us find out.

2. The current market price per share of Majesco is Rs.980. This is almost at par with the dividend per share. Now, if you buy shares of Majesco, you will be entitled to dividend of Rs.974 per share.

3. Please keep in mind that dividend income is not exempt in the hands of the shareholders. It will be taxed as per regular slabs.

4. Say you are in highest slab of 30%, you will be taxed at that rate. To simplify you will be getting a net amount of Rs.681 per share (Rs.974- 30% tax).
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While learning accountancy a student is taught to
👉Debit all expenses, credit all income.
👉Debit all assets, credit all liabilities.
👉Debit the receiver, credit the giver.
Why is it so?
Let us find out the rationale behind three golden rules of accounts. 👇🧵 (1/n)

'Balance Sheet' and 'Profit & Loss Account' are two important aspects to learn accountancy.
Let us first understand how to interpret a Balance Sheet. (2/n)

Balance sheet is a simple snapshot of ‘Sources of funds’ (‘Liabilities’) and ‘Application of funds’ (‘Assets’) as on a ‘particular’ day. (3/n)


It is important to note that the Balance sheet may change every day. That’s because the liabilities side and the assets side may change frequently.
Example: The customer from whom the amount was receivable (Debtor) will get converted into Cash the moment he pays money. (4/n)

Suppose a businessman starts a business with his own money (equity/owner’s fund) and uses this money to buy various assets. (5/n)
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Past Presidents....Zuckerberg, Gates...
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2. Past Presidents....Zuckerberg, Gates...
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Shall we go back...How far back...


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for what is expected to be tens of thousands of new ex-elite prisoners. Well, those who are not executed via military tribunal at least. ow, if you are not aware of these indictments I am referring to, that makes perfect sense because they are still sealed and not yet...

Public knowledge. Please allow me to enlighten you. These equate to roughly 222,00 sealed indictments and pertain to the most disturbing and corrupt crimes against humanity. These range from human trafficking, organ trafficking...

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moving POTUS and VP to get them around the region and to Andrews AFB for long-haul flights, they are essential to Continuity of Government operations. This means that if a threat were to emerge, they need to be ready to snatch POTUS and VP in minutes. This is partially... 3/X

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Me : Conflict of interest question? Supplier determining needs?
X : Yes
Me : It's ok, as long as
a) you have effective spend control
b) those private companies are JVs which Gov owns 51% of.

X : What if they are not 51% owned JVs?
Me : Ah, that's a bad idea. You really want your boards to have your interests at heart.
X : What about experience, partnership?
Me : Those are advisors and you take it with a pinch of salt and as much as possible use critical friends.

Suppliers will always tell you that they want to be your partners, to build a relationship, to be your friends, to find the win/win in much the same way a second hand car salesperson wants to be your buddy ... but their interests are not yours and never can be.

X : Critical friends?
Me : Occassionaly you can find critical friends. People that we willing to tell you the truth as they see it regardless of the consequences. They are not very common and it normally requires a deep sense of duty that exceeds any loyalty to others.

X : Can the relationship be symbiotic?
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I don't normally do threads like this but I did want to provide some deeper thoughts on the below and why having a video game based on a real world war crime from the same people that received CIA funding isn't the best idea.

This will go pretty in depth FYI.


The core reason why I'm doing this thread is because:

1. It's clear the developers are marketing the game a certain way.

2. This is based on something that actually happened, a war crime no less. I don't have issues with shooter games in general ofc.

Firstly, It's important to acknowledge that the Iraq war was an illegal war, based on lies, a desire for regime change and control of resources in the region.

These were lies that people believed and still believe to this day.

It's also important to mention that the action taken by these aggressors is the reason there was a battle in Fallujah in the first place. People became resistance fighters because they were left with nothing but death and destruction all around them after the illegal invasion.

This is where one of the first red flags comes up.

The game is very much from an American point of view, as shown in the description.

When it mentions Iraqi civilians, it doesn't talk about them as victims, but mentions them as being pro US, fighting alongside them.
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Tying Marvel’s stable of pulp-fiction heroes to a real place — New York — served a counterbalance to the sometimes gravity-challenged action and the improbability of the stories. That was just what Stan Lee wanted. https://t.co/rDosqzpP8i


The New York universe hooked readers. And the artists drew what they were familiar with, which made the Marvel universe authentic-looking, down to the water towers atop many of the buildings. https://t.co/rDosqzpP8i


The Avengers Mansion was a Beaux-Arts palace. Fans know it as 890 Fifth Avenue. The Frick Collection, which now occupies the place, uses the address of the front door: 1 East 70th Street.
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having your vision turn into a blurry mess every time you move your eyes is obviously not a good idea, so our brains hide it from us. Now, imagine you're an engineer and you have this problem.

You've got some obvious solutions you could do.
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Your brain does neither of these options, really.

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RISHI ASHTAVAKRA(DEVAL)

Those who are well versed in our ancient scriptures must definitely have come across the name of Ashtavakra Muni. Who was he and what is the story behind his body getting crooked from all sides.

Muni Asit was the son of Pracheta Rishi.


He was childless and this caused a lot of worry to him. But an Akashvani assured him that he should go to Shivji to get all his
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So he along with his wife go to Shivji and after paying him obeisance start singing Shivji's praises.

He describes Shiv as the one who is beyond any other thing, whose glory has no words to describe. After this the couple stands with folded hands in front of Rudradev. The strotras sung in praise of Shiv possess magical qualities even today.

Shiv gets satisfied by them soon and is ready to grant a boon.

Shiva told him that, he very well knew what the Muni desired. He then gives him the "Sansaar Vijay' mantra and asks him to keep reciting it. The Isht devi would come at an appropriate time and fulfill his wish.

Asit Muni kept reciting this mantra for hundred years. The Devi appeared and granted him the boon of a son as a Shivansh. A son was born and was named as Deval. He grew upto be a great scholar well versed and a handsome young man. Asit Muni got him married to Ratnamalavati.
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SRI KALAHASTI KSHETRAM, CHITTOOR (AP)
#bharatmandir

Panchbhootasthalam representing vayu element, also called Dakshin Kailasha.
As per Shiva’s boon, Vayu is incarnated here as Shiva and worshipped as Kalahasteeswara.
The kshetram is also associated with Rahu and Ketu.


The Kshetram is named after 3 devotees of Shiva- a snake, spider and elephant who worshipped a lingam in the forest. Elephant did jal abhishek with water from its trunk, spider protected it from dust by weaving a web on it and snake adorned it with his jewel.
@GunduHuDuGa


Once, the web and jewel got washed away when elephant sprayed water on the lingam. Angered snake entered elephant’s trunk and bit him but died in the process. The agitated elephant trampled the spider accidentally. Shiva gave moksha to all three.


Hence the name-Sri for Spider, kaal for snake n hasti for elephant.

Shiv bhakt Kanappa is said to have plucked his own eye to put it on the lingam here when he saw blood oozing from the eye on the lingam
This place is the ultimate location for Rahu Kethu Sarpa Dosha Nivarana.
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Every now and then an idea sticks with me like that corner of tortilla chip that just won't go down your throat. It happened with SPARROWHAWK, which began as 40k of a YA story, died, and was reborn as a comic, thanks to @christopher_j_r and @boomstudios. And now... 2/

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