Pittsburgh is an American Apartheid city. Here’s the reality.

(THREAD)

(2) As sociologists Nancy Denton and Doug Massey wrote in their seminal book, American Apartheid, “Although America’s apartheid may not be rooted in the legal strictures of its South African relative, it is no less effective in perpetuating racial inequality.”
(3) Pittsburgh, the city I love, remains one of the most racially segregated cities by neighborhood in America.
(4) Pittsburgh has one of the highest rates of occupational segregation between Whites and Blacks.
(5) Fetal deaths are 2 times more likely among Black women than White women.
(6) Black maternal mortality rate in PGH is higher than Black mortality rates in 97 percent of similar cities.
(7) More than 1/3 of Black women live in poverty in Pittsburgh. They are 5 times more likely to be poor than White men.
(8) Black men are more segregated to certain jobs, compared to the White male workforce.
(9) Black mothers are 3 times more likely compared to White mothers to give birth to extremely low weight babies.
(10) Black adult mortality rates are higher in PGH than almost every other similarly situated mid-size city in America.
(11) More Black children in Pittsburgh grow up in poverty than 95 percent of similar cities.
(12) Pittsburgh's White women make 78 cents to every dollar made by Pittsburgh's White men; Black women make 54 cents.
(13) White men and women are 3 times more likely to have a college degree than Black men and women.
(14) Pittsburgh has some of the highest rates of occupational segregation and homicide and lowest average income for Black men.
(15) This is America’s Apartheid. This is my city. While PGH is not rooted in laws like the former Group Areas Act of South Africa, the city has become no less effective in perpetuating racial inequity and inequality. The data does not lie.
(16) This is the fight of our lifetime in Pittsburgh.
Sources:

Tweet 2: Denton, Nancy & Douglas Massey, American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass 15 (1993)
Sources:

Tweets 4-14: Howell, Junia, Sara Goodkind, Leah Jacobs, Dominique Branson and Elizabeth Miller. 2019. "Pittsburgh's Inequality across Gender and Race." Gender Analysis White Papers. City of Pittsburgh's Gender Equity Commission.
Sources:

Tweet 15: Tomlinson, Richard; Beauregard, Robert; Bremner, Lindsay; Mangcu, Xolela: Emerging Johannesburg: Perspectives on the Postapartheid City (2003)
I draw this parallel having done human rights activism in Johannesburg at the Centre for Applied Legal Studies and studied comparative constitutional law, race and housing with law faculty at the University of Witwatersrand School of Law as a Fulbright Scholar a decade ago.

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Rig Ved 1.36.7

To do a Namaskaar or bow before someone means that you are humble or without pride and ego. This means that we politely bow before you since you are better than me. Pranipaat(प्राणीपात) also means the same that we respect you without any vanity.

1/9


Surrendering False pride is Namaskaar. Even in devotion or bhakti we say the same thing. We want to convey to Ishwar that we have nothing to offer but we leave all our pride and offer you ourselves without any pride in our body. You destroy all our evil karma.

2/9

We bow before you so that you assimilate us and make us that capable. Destruction of our evils and surrender is Namaskaar. Therefore we pray same thing before and after any big rituals.

3/9

तं घे॑मि॒त्था न॑म॒स्विन॒ उप॑ स्व॒राज॑मासते ।
होत्रा॑भिर॒ग्निं मनु॑षः॒ समिं॑धते तिति॒र्वांसो॒ अति॒ स्रिधः॑॥

Translation :

नमस्विनः - To bow.

स्वराजम् - Self illuminating.

तम् - His.

घ ईम् - Yours.

इत्था - This way.

उप - Upaasana.

आसते - To do.

स्त्रिधः - For enemies.

4/9

अति तितिर्वांसः - To defeat fast.

मनुषः - Yajman.

होत्राभिः - In seven numbers.

अग्निम् - Agnidev.

समिन्धते - Illuminated on all sides.

Explanation : Yajmans bow(do Namaskaar) before self illuminating Agnidev by making the offerings of Havi.

5/9