1/ Thread:

Senate Action Against Disloyal Members, 1861-1862

2/ Alabama
Clement Clay, Jr: Did not appear on March 14, 1861; salary paid to January 21, 1861; seat declared vacant on March 14, 1861; member of the Confederate Senate 1861-1863; was a diplomatic agent of the Confederate States; arrested and imprisoned in Fortress Monroe in 1865
3/ Alabama
Benjamin Fitzpatrick: Salary paid to February 4, 1861; term expired on March 3, 1861, and Senate took no formal action against him; president of the constitutional convention of Alabama in 1865.
4/ Arkansas
William K. Sebastian: Expelled on July 11, 1861; returned to Helena, Ark., where he resided during the Civil War and practiced law; after federal troops occupied Helena, Ark., moved to Memphis, TN., in 1864 and resumed the practice of law.
5/ Arkansas
Charles B. Mitchel : Expelled on July 11, 1861; elected to the Confederate senate at the first session of the State legislature and served until his death in Little Rock, AR, September 20, 1864.
6/ Florida
David Yulee : Withdrew on January 21, 1861; salary paid to this date; term expired on March 3, 1861, and Senate took no formal action against him; due to his support of the Confederacy, was a prisoner at Fort Pulaski in 1865
7/ Florida
Stephen Mallory: Withdrew on January 21, 1861; seat declared vacant on March 14, 1861; salary paid to this date; Secretary of the Navy of the Confederacy; imprisoned at the close of the Civil War 1865-1866.
8/ Georgia
Robert A. Toombs: Withdrew on February 4, 1861; salary paid to this date; seat declared vacant on March 14, 1861; SecState of the Confederate States; brigadier general in the Confederate Army; in order to avoid arrest, fled to Havana and to London
9/ Georgia
Alfred Iverson, Sr: Withdrew on January 28, 1861; term expired on March 3, 1861, and Senate took no formal action against him; resumed the practice of law. In 1868, when he purchased a plantation in East Macon, GA., and engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death.
10/ Indiana
Jesse D. Bright: Expelled on February 5, 1862 for disloyalty to the Union; unsuccessful candidate for election in 1863 to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by his expulsion.
11/ Kentucky
John C. Breckinridge: Expelled on December 4, 1861, for disloyalty to the Union; entered the Confederate Army during the Civil War as brigadier general and soon became a major general; Sec of War in the Cabinet of the Confederate States from January until April 1865.
12/ Louisiana
Judah P. Benjamin: Withdrew on February 4, 1861; seat declared vacant on March 14, 1861; appointed Attorney General under the provisional government of the Confederate States, February 1861; appointed Acting Secretary of War of the Confederate States in August 1861
13/ Louisiana
John Slidell: Withdrew on February 4, 1861; salary paid to this date; term expired on March 3, 1861, and Senate took no formal action against him
14/ Mississippi
Jefferson Davis: Withdrew on January 21, 1861; seat declared vacant on March 14, 1861; salary paid to this date; elected Pres of Confederacy for a term of six years and inaugurated in Richmond, Va., February 22, 1862; captured by Union troops in Irwinsville, Ga
15/ Mississippi
Albert G. Brown: Withdrew on January 12, 1861; salary paid to January 14, 1861; seat declared vacant on March 14, 1861; served as captain in the Confederate Army; elected a member of the Confederate Senate in 1862
16/ Missouri
Waldo P. Johnson: Expelled on January 10, 1862, upon rumors he aided the Confederacy; served in the Confederate Army during the Civil War; attained the rank of lieutenant colonel of the Fourth Missouri Infantry;
17/ Missouri
Trusten Polk: Expelled on January 10, 1862, upon rumors he aided the Confederacy; served as colonel in the Confederate Army; judge in the military courts of the department of Mississippi in 1864 and 1865.
18/ North Carolina
Thomas Bragg: Withdrew on March 8, 1861; expelled on July 11, 1861; appointed Attorney General of the Confederate States November 21, 1861, and served two years.
19/ North Carolina
Thomas L. Clingman: Withdrew March 11, 1861; expelled on July 11, 1861; served as brigadier general in the Confederate Army.
20/ South Carolina
James Chesnut, Jr.: Withdrew on November 10, 1860; salary paid to this date; expelled on July 11, 1861; served as colonel in the Confederate Army; appointed brigadier general in 1864.
21/ South Carolina
James H. Hammond: Withdrew on November 11, 1860; salary paid to this date; term expired on March 3, 1861, and Senate took no formal action against him; died at “Redcliffe,” Beach Island, SC, November 13, 1864.
22/ Tennessee
Alfred O. P. Nicholson: Withdrew on March 3, 1861; expelled on July 11, 1861; chief justice of the supreme court of Tennessee 1870-1876.
23/ Texas
Louis T. Wigfall: Withdrew on March 23, 1861; expelled on July 11, 1861; served in the Confederate Army during the Civil War; represented the State of Texas in the Confederate Congress.
24/ Texas
John Hemphill: Did not appear on March 4, 1861, for the 38th Congress; expelled on July 11, 1861; represented the state of Texas in the Congress of the Confederate States of America until his death.
25/ Virginia
James M. Mason: Withdrew on March 28, 1861; expelled on July 11, 1861; appointed commissioner of the Confederacy to Great Britain and France.
26/ Virginia
Robert M. T. Hunter: Withdrew on March 28, 1861; expelled on July 11, 1861; Confederate Secretary of State 1861-1862; served in the Confederate Senate from Virginia in the First and Second Congresses 1862-1865 and was President pro tempore on various occasions.
27/ There is ample precedent for both the House and Senate to expel Members for disloyalty to the Union and the Constitution. I think I know where we can find a list of names.
28/ References for the above thread can be found here.

https://t.co/yKNqFQf0uV

More from History

**Thread on Bravery of Sikhs**
(I am forced to do this due to continuous hounding of Sikh Extremists since yesterday)

Rani Jindan Kaur, wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh had illegitimate relations with Lal Singh (PM of Ranjit Singh). Along with Lal Singh, she attacked Jammu, burnt - https://t.co/EfjAq59AyI


Hindu villages of Jasrota, caused rebellion in Jammu, attacked Kishtwar.

Ancestors of Raja Ranjit Singh, The Sansi Tribe used to give daughters as concubines to Jahangir.


The Ludhiana Political Agency (Later NW Fronties Prov) was formed by less than 4000 British soldiers who advanced from Delhi and reached Ludhiana, receiving submissions of all sikh chiefs along the way. The submission of the troops of Raja of Lahore (Ranjit Singh) at Ambala.

Dabistan a contemporary book on Sikh History tells us that Guru Hargobind broke Naina devi Idol Same source describes Guru Hargobind serving a eunuch
YarKhan. (ref was proudly shared by a sikh on twitter)
Gobind Singh followed Bahadur Shah to Deccan to fight for him.


In Zafarnama, Guru Gobind Singh states that the reason he was in conflict with the Hill Rajas was that while they were worshiping idols, while he was an idol-breaker.

And idiot Hindus place him along Maharana, Prithviraj and Shivaji as saviours of Dharma.
Rush Catalog
Emotion Detector (1985, Power Windows)
https://t.co/3U3Ol6tMHU
#RushFamily
@RushFamTourneys
What's your grade of this song?

https://t.co/3U3Ol6Lo6u

Lyrics:

When we lift the covers from our feelings
We expose our insecure spots
Trust is just as rare as devotion —
Forgive us our cynical thoughts
If we need too much attention —
Not content with being cool
We must throw ourselves wide open
And start acting like a fool

If we need too much approval
Then the cuts can seem too cruel

Right to the heart of the matter
Right to the beautiful part
Illusions are painfully shattered
Right where discovery starts
In the secret wells of emotion
Buried deep in our hearts

It’s true that love can change us
But never quite enough
Sometimes we are too tender
Sometimes we’re too tough
If we get too much attention
It gets hard to overrule
So often fragile power turns
To scorn and ridicule
Sometimes our big splashes
Are just ripples in the pool

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I just finished Eric Adler's The Battle of the Classics, and wanted to say something about Joel Christiansen's review linked below. I am not sure what motivates the review (I speculate a bit below), but it gives a very misleading impression of the book. 1/x


The meat of the criticism is that the history Adler gives is insufficiently critical. Adler describes a few figures who had a great influence on how the modern US university was formed. It's certainly critical: it focuses on the social Darwinism of these figures. 2/x

Other insinuations and suggestions in the review seem wildly off the mark, distorted, or inappropriate-- for example, that the book is clickbaity (it is scholarly) or conservative (hardly) or connected to the events at the Capitol (give me a break). 3/x

The core question: in what sense is classics inherently racist? Classics is old. On Adler's account, it begins in ancient Rome and is revived in the Renaissance. Slavery (Christiansen's primary concern) is also very old. Let's say classics is an education for slaveowners. 4/x

It's worth remembering that literacy itself is elite throughout most of this history. Literacy is, then, also the education of slaveowners. We can honor oral and musical traditions without denying that literacy is, generally, good. 5/x