BillyBostickson's Categories
BillyBostickson's Authors
Latest Saves
Previous DARPA Related Threads & Background
1. Fort Detrick History
https://t.co/hS9dYEzNda
2. Plum Island/Kansas
https://t.co/PhHZyRuJ4o
3. Research from @dgaytandzhieva
https://t.co/9JFOrAPRtu
4. Laulima/Battelle/Tunnell/Jens Kuhn
https://t.co/JGxRHhpXNr

1/x Fort Detrick History
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) May 11, 2020
Mr. Patrick, one of the chief scientists at the Army Biological Warfare Laboratories at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Md., held five classified US patents for the process of weaponizing anthrax. https://t.co/nUvNZSvUj5
2. DARPA Part 4 Thread
Previous DARPA Related Threads
5. DARPA 1 https://t.co/9TrUw5vk2C
6. DARPA 2
https://t.co/w4aDp59puU
7.
1. Messy Thread exploring connections between @DARPA @doddtra PREDICT & @EcoHealthNYC
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) July 31, 2020
What happened to FLIRT? https://t.co/wgttFlgcP1
EcoHealth Alliance analyzed all airports in the US by assessing how often passengers trickle in from areas with confirmed cases of Zika virus.
3. 2017! Aside from an army of PhDs from Gilead (who oddly are IN THE LEAD for making a vaccine), we have #Bavari (Science director at Fort Detrick for 18 years) & #Baric working together (amazing foresight) & we have a Hogg (Alison):
https://t.co/Pin4CsOh1b
via @HousatonicITS

4. Back to Remdesivir aka GS 5734
https://t.co/umOJ7piQlB
via @PetrusMax4
5. Organisations to be Investigated
BARDA
NIH
EMERGENT BIOSOLUTIONS
BIOPORT
GILEAD
SIAC
QTEL
USAMRIID
FORT DETRICK
DARPA
DTRA
PREDICT
ONE HEALTH
GVP
ECOHEALTH
MITRE
BATTELLE
TUNNELL
LAURIMA GOV SERVICES
The documents offer a glimpse into the military-academic complex of scientists who study how to prevent spillovers of potential pandemic pathogens from bats, raising questions about contagion risks, for example, of shipping of bats and rats infected with dangerous pathogens.

Does Rocky Mountain Laboratory ring a bell?
It should do, because that is exactly where Angela "It's all a Conspiracy" Rasmussen worked on DARPA programs
https://t.co/O22i48vG7K
No wonder, @MonaRahalkar
From Rocky Mountain to Mailman, Columbia and Lipkin

I don't like to blown my own whistle too much but I identified this PREEMPT transmissible bat vaccine research back in
PREEMPT novel transmissible bat vaccine https://t.co/PRyCWJiLzr pic.twitter.com/JLd8fKxOLu
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) October 29, 2020
and in more depth
1. Thread on Animal Vaccination - US Military
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) September 25, 2020
Prediction of Spillover Potential & Interventional En Masse Animal Vaccination to Prevent Emerging Pathogen Threats in Current and Future Zones of US Military Operationhttps://t.co/u3e229XP19
Thanks to @R_H_Ebright for paving the way
Mainly DARPA/PREDICT/ECOHEALTH papers
1. PREEMPT Team will study air-borne highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in birds & small mammals, & tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus.
Dr. Peter Barry & Dr. Brian Bird
https://t.co/GOUGRoRGfI

2. PREEMPT lab teams
https://t.co/GOUGRoRGfI
* Autonomous Therapeutics, Dr. Ariel Weinberger
* One Health Institute UCD, Drs. Peter Barry & Brian Bird
* Institut Pasteur, Dr. Carla Saleh
* Montana State University, Dr. Raina Plowright
* Pirbright Institute, Dr. Luke Alphey

3. Identifying Suspect Bat Reservoirs of Emerging Infections
https://t.co/lZPBAIjkm7
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA D16AP00113), and DARPA PREEMPT program Cooperative Agreement (DARPA D18AC00031).

4. Peng Zhou, Linfa Wang, Zhengli Shi, Lijun Wu (WIV)
2104 (CSIRO Australia)
IRF7 in the Australian Black Flying Fox, Pteropus alecto: Evidence for a Unique Expression Pattern and Functional Conservation
https://t.co/UzpI9r0uA7

5. Peng Zhou, Linfa Wang, Zhengli Shi
(Sep 2011 - CSIRO Australia)
Type III IFN Receptor Expression and Functional Characterisation in the Pteropid Bat, Pteropus alecto
https://t.co/1S6OrRrtfK

@DARPA @doddtra PREDICT & @EcoHealthNYC
What happened to FLIRT?
https://t.co/wgttFlgcP1
EcoHealth Alliance analyzed all airports in the US by assessing how often passengers trickle in from areas with confirmed cases of Zika virus.
2. βI believe this is something that people should know,β said Andrew Huff, vice-president of group, who oversees efforts to forecast the spread of infectious diseases. βIf you know where an infectious disease is, you can take precautions.β
Andrew Huff used to run their database

3. Andrew Huff
https://t.co/yqP8NbiN5X
Data papers:
https://t.co/mCdcAMTHNW
FLIRT (Zika)
https://t.co/MyUM3mt6c3
MANTLE https://t.co/dBsFAixRXv
MANTLE
4. GRITS and EcoHealth Alliance and DTRA
Global Disease Warning Software - May 28, 2015
EcoHealth Alliance and its Partners Create Biosurveillance Application with $2.2 million grant from the DTRA to continue the development of disease warning software
Global Rapid Identification Tool System (GRITS) software developed with ProMED, International Society for Infectious Disease, & Kitware
Biosurveillance app that enables infectious disease analysts to monitor textual data sources for infectious disease threats in near real time.
" Phase III will to attempt to replicate in a laboratory the viral mutations or evolutions that are documented to have occurred naturally."
https://t.co/j6avdoCOc8

https://t.co/rKY6GPHBdX
https://t.co/WWmSsLebJN
https://t.co/J1z93m2shc
https://t.co/yX7ingDNo7
I have been going back to Chmura's Thesis work after reading the confessions of bat abuse in Quammen's spillover to look for more clues as to what was going on over the last two decades with bat research in
2. A previously aborted
1/4 From an obscure PhD thesis by Aleksei Avery CHMURA, now chief of staff at @EcoHealthNYC & author of:
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) May 11, 2020
2013 WIV paper: https://t.co/ISK9ltN7h6
2016: https://t.co/RZBWvTJro0
2018: https://t.co/MZWk571PZp
Thesis
Evaluating Risks of Paramyxovirus and Coronavirus Emergence in China
3. The Chmura Story is in Chapter 38 of Quammen's Spillover
https://t.co/mFomOog94F

4. Some details are also mentioned here
via @gdemaneuf
5. Amusing
1/ I like the
— Gilles Demaneuf (@gdemaneuf) November 24, 2020
"Since the United States forswore offensive bioweapons research back in 1969, presumably DARPA's disease program is now aimed at preventing, not creating strategic surprises of the epidemiological sort".
The filers of the patent included a bat coronavirus researcher and colleague of those who have researched the suspected SARS outbreak at the Mojiang mineshaft,
Remember Zhengli Shi liked to feed bats?
Maybe she did not inform Peter Daszak about
via @Biol4Ever https://t.co/ozjkXQ4Ilyhttps://t.co/260rH20LSr pic.twitter.com/4i8G2XHLEa
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) January 29, 2021
Someone had to feed all the bats that WIV researchers "bagged" to take back to their laboratory during sampling expeditions
5. Finally, a WIV researcher confesses to "bagging a dozen live bats" for further work at the laboratory
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) December 11, 2020
Thanks to @waittwoweeks for finding this useful piece of information to confound the lies of the guilty ones.https://t.co/s3ylN7t1tC pic.twitter.com/Xj2VsKc7ng
You can't have bloody bats flying around a lab, can you?
Hence the Bat Cage
16. Wuhan Institute of Virology's Patents
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) August 9, 2020
Including BAT CAGES
(A kind of carnivorism bat rearging cage)
Design for a tourniquet for treating wounds to the finger in biosafety labs filed by the Wuhan Institute of Virology on 15 Nov 2019https://t.co/V3Yc9Yrujt@interne41914499 pic.twitter.com/d2lqNiwTRL
Of course, a bat like a human gets hungry and like a human, a hungry bat is a an angry bat.
Find out how exactly Zhengli Shi fed her pet bats, it's all their in truly disgusting detail in a patent discovered by @interne41914499
Read it slowly &
GISAID Submission date disputeπ
https://t.co/yx666wb6dO
Yong-Zhen Zhang's Genbank submission
#CNIC #SARSCOV2 #GISAID #CHINACDC #ISL402119 #ISL402120 #ISL402121
— Coroldo1 (@coroldo1) February 26, 2021
Thread for evidence only,timestamp according to GMT+8, the timezone of China, where first 4 SARS-COV-2 genomes released to the world. Any further analysis subject to individual's discrection. So, Let's roll
@seeshawn @strom_m @edwardcholmes @arambaut @Ayjchan This dispute on 'first open' is getting 'better'. GISAID formally wrote to authors who acknowledged Virological post as world's first release of 2019ncov, penalised authors of MN908947, didn't ID who...... 1/3
Supposedly from Fudan or UoS, ACCESSED and KNEW IVDC's 'initial' submission of IVDC-01/05 on GISAID on 10th Jan, 2020, via login records of his/her/theirs GISAID account credentials. Hence as a point to point rebuttal to 'pressure' & 'urge' to release the fastaqc file... 2/3
on 11th Jan(initiated very late on 10th Jan UTC) according to the well known narratives in global academic society and Nature/TIME stories. 3/3
https://t.co/qJM9AkYzdj

Mr. Patrick, one of the chief scientists at the Army Biological Warfare Laboratories at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Md., held five classified US patents for the process of weaponizing anthrax.
2/x
Under Mr. Patrickβs direction, scientists at Fort Detrick developed a tularemia agent that, if disseminated by airplane, could cause casualties & sickness over 1000s miΒ². In a 10,000 miΒ² range, it had 90% casualty rate & 50% fatality rate

3/x His team explored Q fever, plague, & Venezuelan equine encephalitis, testing more than 20 anthrax strains to discern most lethal variety. Fort Detrick scientists used aerosol spray systems inside fountain pens, walking sticks, light bulbs, & even in 1953 Mercury exhaust pipes

4/x After retiring in 1986, Mr. Patrick remained one of the worldβs foremost specialists on biological warfare & was a consultant to the CIA, FBI, & US military. He debriefed Soviet defector Ken Alibek, the deputy chief of the Soviet biowarfare program
https://t.co/sHqSaTSqtB

5/x Back in Time
In 1949 the Army created a small team of chemists at "Camp Detrick" called Special Operations Division. Its assignment was to find military uses for toxic bacteria. The coercive use of toxins was a new field, which fascinated Allen Dulles, later head of the CIA

A, Wuhan Seafood Market Positive Environmental Samples, B. Early Local Reports about Animals at the Market
C. CCP Censorship and Police harassment of local activists uploading censored news reports to GitHub.
The original thread was a mess!
2. CCP Censorship & Police harassment of local activists uploading censored news reports to GitHub.
It all started with a simple search query:
"market" "animal" on a github database:
https://t.co/q2HxuUuHKa
Only to find that it had been deleted on github due to CCP pressure!
3. Github is Censorship proof, right?
It does not get deleted! But..
https://t.co/k7BJWUgWDq
Arms get Twisted!
https://t.co/ckzicj7NlE
Please remember these brave young activists for creating a permanent record of censored news from the early days while CCP rewrites history

4. What a shock!
But thanks to the very nature of GitHub, "forks" and "clones" had been made & saved.
The best one is here:
https://t.co/ZWiyWK9SAa
Obviously all in Chinese ;) but tks to Google Chrome we can right click translate to English & find archived scrubbed Chinese news

5. "This is an archive of in-depth reports and personal narratives on the COVID-19 outbreak in China"
Contains media reports, non-fictional works and personal narratives related to the 2020 coronavirus pneumonia.
Part of the archive is provided by netizens, I am grateful.

Here he downplays the FCS of SARS2. These fragments do not really come and go all the time. I am not aware of experiments on CoV where the FCS arose by cell or animal passage. More on the FCS here:
https://t.co/oyPKBVVG4f

The FCS is unique in the whole Sarbecovirus group to which SARS2 belongs. Here other reasons why it should be taken seriously. The codon used for arginine is very rare in CoVs but it translates very well in humans.https://t.co/s7q6Ynh7NYhttps://t.co/lHcshQp2Uq pic.twitter.com/kXKKb8FIk7
— Rossana Segreto (@Rossana38510044) May 9, 2021
Here he refers to RmYN02, which has no insertion at the S1/S2 cleavage site
https://t.co/0Goapx6cXj
https://t.co/zEALrUUj8F
And to Gallaher's paper, with the fanciful theory of recombination on a train to Wuhan
Recombination is rare outside its group +
https://t.co/DBs7RMeq4X

As also my co-author @ydeigin says
https://t.co/qrOG0nlIzR
the FCS could be not optimal because part of a vaccine attenuation strategy
https://t.co/tHWG1Igf7Q
Andersen admitted to be wrong with his prediction of the O-linked glycans

Could the uncharacteristic furin cleavage site in SARS2 have been a part of a vaccine attenuation strategy? You know, the pan-coronavirus vaccine that Fauci, Daszak and other have dreamed about? https://t.co/EpSXwzfBD6
— Yuri Deigin (@ydeigin) May 9, 2021
The FCS might be similar at the aa level to some FCoV sequences, but less at the nt level.
https://t.co/Hvi3azygu6
Andersen does not mention that the FCS binds extremely well to heparan sulphate as possible result of cell passage
https://t.co/s7q6Ynh7NY

indeed. at the nucleotide level the FCS differ in the wobble bases. I initially thought of cold-adapted live-attenuated feline vaccines, which can be administered intranasally (e.g. Felocell FIP IN). pic.twitter.com/bcwdAEphlA
— Chris de Z (@CZilcho) April 30, 2021
1. by @samhusseini https://t.co/Yg3HSTnUat
2. https://t.co/EKR0WMFpgn
Very Complete by @AlexisBadenMaye and @OrganicConsumer
3. https://t.co/pAF8IjPqjZ

@BrendanEich @USRightToKnow @samhusseini @AlexisBadenMaye @OrganicConsumer More detailed documents
4. EcoHealth Alliance β Global Rapid Identification Tool Set (GRITS) $4,479,678.00 (Apr 2015) https://t.co/NLyYY8P3BE
5. https://t.co/v7CRmkZqS7
6.
https://t.co/MlePfQbnWF
7. EcoHealth Funding as of December 2020
@BrendanEich @USRightToKnow @samhusseini @AlexisBadenMaye @OrganicConsumer 8. EcoHealth Funding as of 01/10/202
https://t.co/kwD5GFv2My
9. Comparative Spillover Dynamics of Avian Influenza in Endemic Countries
https://t.co/WK3ZhwFhUY
10. https://t.co/KMTeZgQP0F
11. https://t.co/lScigjAWXy
12.
@BrendanEich @USRightToKnow @samhusseini @AlexisBadenMaye @OrganicConsumer 13 https://t.co/b84I413mey
(Bat research with Epstein, Olival & Martha Stokes DTRA)
Stokes is currently working in SE Asia
Evidence for SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses circulating in bats & pangolins in SE Asia
https://t.co/40E5gnowoO
Soem Projects
https://t.co/0quX6R44T5

@BrendanEich @USRightToKnow @samhusseini @AlexisBadenMaye @OrganicConsumer 14. Some useful threads
1. Pasteurised Cambodian Bat Fudge https://t.co/2HZREXlI83
2. Project 1742 (EcoHealth/DTRA)
Risks of bat-borne zoonotic diseases in Western
That was quick!https://t.co/hAXCH44Qtb
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) January 26, 2021
No wonder PD was babbling on about about SE Asian Bats from his "Batique" Hotel
Tracey Goldstein from UC Davis & @JonnaMazet sorted out a nice bit of 2 month old frozen Cambodian fudge for him with a little "pasteurisation"@SimonLoriereLab https://t.co/xQ6az1oIGx
1/. I will make a thread here with some details so you can see for yourself how a small clique of pro Chinese gatekeeping editors and admins have bullied editors, throttled dissent and gamed the system to impose their POV.
2/. I am a supporter of
I just donated to #Wikipedia. Help keep it free! #keepitfree http://t.co/CFn4E1p5
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) December 6, 2012
3/. This is what I ended up feeling about WP after
That was a very depressing read, one of the reasons I avoid @Wikipedia like the plague.
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) September 26, 2020
Full of pompous, self righteous pricks with rule books instead of brains, all pretending to be calm, collected and unbiased while secretly frothing at the mouth with their own slanted views. https://t.co/I62XqKt0tB
4/. Some disturbing
Who the hell is writing these wikipedia articles lately, Peter Daszak?https://t.co/nIP3rMr7Gx pic.twitter.com/9KE0ORIi1V
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) November 17, 2020
5./ Some members of the gatekeeping
You should read the Talk Pagehttps://t.co/3CjCZWLB7k
— Billy Bostickson \U0001f3f4\U0001f441&\U0001f441 \U0001f193 (@BillyBostickson) November 17, 2020
User:Henipa
Henipa is a Canadian-American virologist who specializes in hanta- and henipaviruses.
M\xf2ji\u0101ng virus is my child.
Henipa is clinically insane, these virologists seem to delight in deception with huge axes to grind pic.twitter.com/E0bcwHyeYc
Before explaining this 2006 study, it's better to start with the 2020 paper that first described the furin cleavage site unique to SARS-CoV-2:
Coutard et al. observed SARS-CoV-2 "has a specific furin-like cleavage site absent in lineage b CoV including SARS-CoV sequences." Figure 2 is great because it aligns SARS-CoV-2 (aka 2019-nCoV) to not only SARS but also MERS and other CoVs with a known FCS marked with *.

Why is the FCS at the S1/S2 junction in the spike so important? A body of studies have shown that such a site can impact cell-to-cell fusion as well as the virus' ability to infect different cell types. This has been recently demonstrated in SARS-CoV-2 as well.
For example, in MERS-CoV, the S1/S2 FCS allows it to infect human lung and intestine (cancer derived) cells; without the FCS, the virus can only infect kidney (cancer derived) cells. https://t.co/6hnaHsPlW0 and