Now what about scattered variables? Some of them look very old and thus kind of put our basic ideas of continuity and large-group classifications in question.
Let’s take a look at a couple of them and shiver at their

(1) The 2SG subject marker on the verb.

GREEN: -d
YELLOW -t (possibly a development from -d)
ReRED: -ḍ / -ṭ

There is no regular phonetic correspondence of -d to -ḍ.
(2) In most varieties *β became (or remained?) /b/ in pre-consonantal position (GREEN). In a number of varieties, this didn’t happen (RED).
(3) The Imperative M:PL suffix is -at in western Morocco AND in Awjila (Libya) (RED). It is -ət / -ăt elsewhere (GREEN). The yellow part has different suffixes.
(4) The pharyngealized (“emphatic”) non-geminated alveolar is [dˁ] (or [ðˁ]) in most of Amazigh (GREEN), but in a scattered number of varieties, it is [tˁ] (RED).
So what are we going to do about these scattered attestations?

One of the strange things in Amazigh is that its varieties are quite similar to each other. Amazigh languages vary in the way Germanic languages do, or Romance. This suggests a rather late spread.
But there is no good reason why such a spread should have taken place. No big-time archeaological records of migrations, no long-lived Amazigh empires…
One way to get around it has been suggested by Carles Múrcia. In early Antiquity, Amazigh may have been more diverse than it is now. Due to koineization (extreme convergence) somewhere in Antiquity, most of this diversity would have been lost.

https://t.co/Gj4fb1AQDt
Groupings like the Central group would attest to splits following this koineization. The scattered isoglosses may very well be remnants of pre-koine variation (my interpretation, not necessarily that of Carles).
I will end this thread with an isogloss that may be related to the koine. The first one is the word for “cow”, which is /tafunast/ (GREEN) almost everywhere, except for some regions which still have the ancient Afroasiatic /tast/ (etc.) (RED; YELLOW only in he plural).
aseggwas nwem n jjdid d amimun!!!

NB. While all the outrageous things in this thread are mine, most of the good stuff was found out by others, ranging from colonial works like those by Edmond Destaing and modern work by brilliant scholars such as @lameensouag and @Phdnix.

More from Government

1.
Act of 1871
This is VERY Long but it will end with a MEGA BOOM!
Bookmark it and read it in small bits to digest it all.

This info, comes from some reputable anons and my own digging, compiled together as a superthread!
InevitableET, IPOT... to name a few.

2.
https://t.co/udep5WEYUp
https://t.co/bnzeQek6zv


3.
The TL; DR version is they, by military force, and illegitimate legislature, amended the constitution against the will of The People and legally tricked us into becoming unwitting indentured slaves of human capital and resources to THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA the corporation)

4.
Republic vs Democracy
-They needed to get away from the Republic and create a Democracy in order to drive us towards socialism and inevitably a dictatorship (National Socialist Party aka NAZI)


5.
Flag
This article by Jim Spellar for @LabourList misses the point about why Labour needs to think seriously about constitutional reform - and have a programme for it ready for government.


The state of our constitution is a bit like the state of the neglected electric wiring in an old house. If you are moving into the house, sorting it out is a bit tedious. Couldn’t you spend the time and money on a new sound system?

But if you ignore the wiring, you’ll find that you can’t safely install the new sound system. And your house may well catch fire.

Any programme for social democratic government requires a state with capacity, and a state that has clear mechanisms of accountability, for all the big and all the small decisions that in takes, in which people have confidence.

That is not a description of the modern UK state.

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