A simple thread to understand relationship between US Dollar and Emerging Markets.

The relationship between the performance of Emerging Market stocks and the US Dollar is one of the tightest macro relationships that exists in investing.

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The weekly return correlation between US Dollar and MSCI Emerging Market Index is -0.70 over last 10 years. Which means when US Dollar weakens, Emerging Market stocks rally and vice versa.

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As seen in this chart, the MSCI EM Index and the MSCI World Index ratio and the US Dollar Index are negatively-correlated.

When US Dollar weakens, EM index outperform World Index and when US Dollar strengthens EM index underperform World index.

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From 1995 to 2000, the USD appreciated over 30%, while the MSCI EM Index underperformed the MSCI World Index by over 15% annualised.

Then from 2001 to 2010, the U.S. dollar depreciated over 18% while the MSCI EM Index outperformed the MSCI World Index by 14% annualised.

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Then from 2011 to 2020, the U.S. dollar appreciated over 30%, while the MSCI EM Index underperformed the MSCI World Index by 7% annualized.

Overall, from 1995 to 2020, this relationship has a correlation of -0.35.

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Let's understand why weak US Dollar is good for Emerging Market stocks?

A weaker dollar allows Emerging Market countries more freedom to provide fiscal stimulus without fearing negative implications for their own economies.

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For instance, an emerging market government might feel more comfortable with fiscal easing if its currency is rising, dampening the potential for an inflationary shock.

As case with India, government will be more comfortable to push fiscal stimulus now when INR is stable.

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US Dollar is also a safe heaven during times of crisis. However, when USD starts depreciating, investors often flock towards risky assets for better returns.

Emerging markets are a natural choice as they tend to benefit from weakening dollar and grow faster than DMs.

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Weaker dollar is usually accompanied by stronger commodity prices, which boosts growth and trade surplus for some EMs who are commodities exporters.

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Weakening USD is also good for countries who heavily rely on foreign investments. When dollar weakens, investor chase high-yielding EM countries and money flows in these countries to fund local investments.

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Now let's understand why and when US Dollar depreciate ?

Easy monetary policy weakens the dollar and leads to its depreciation. Since U.S. dollar is a fiat currency, meaning that it is not backed by gold, it can be created anytime easily.

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When more money (US Dollar) is created through US Fed expanding its Balance Sheet, the law of supply and demand kicks in, making existing money (US Dollar) less valuable.

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Also, investors often chase highest yielding investments. If the Fed cuts rates, U.S. Treasuries, which are bonds, tend to follow suit and their yields fall.

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With lower rates in the U.S. investors transfer their money out of the U.S. into other countries that offer higher interest rates. The result is a weakening of the dollar versus the currencies of the higher-yielding countries, mainly Emerging Markets.

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Summing up..

Since US Fed has expanded its Balance Sheet at record speed, US Dollar may go through a weak patch.

Taking cue from multiple cycles in the past, if US Dollar continues to weaken, Emerging Market stocks may outperform.

Watch this trend closely!

15/15 End
2 funds from @EdelweissMF to play this trend.

Edelweiss Emerging Market Opportunities Equity Offshore Fund

https://t.co/ea0nbUxAmF

Edelweiss Greater China Equity Offshore Fund

https://t.co/AXEWzfKdhY

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Ok here is the explanation. Grab a cup of coffee and read on. If you have not read/noticed this, you will see intraday options movement in a new light.


Say we have two options, one 50 delta ATM options and another 30 delta OTM option. Normally for a 100 point move, the ATM option will move 50 points and the OTM option will move 30 points. But in a high volatile environment, the OTM option will also move nearly 50 points

To understand why this happens, first understand why an ATM option is 50 delta. An ATM option has the probability of 50% of expiring as ITM. The price just has to close a rupee above the strike for the CE to be ITM and vice versa for PEs

Now think of a highly volatile day like today. If someone is asked where the BNF will close for the day or expiry, no one can answer. BNF can close freakin anywhere, That makes every option of an equal probability of being ITM. So all options have a 50% probability of being ITM

Hence, when a huge volatile move starts, all OTM options behave like ATM options. This phenomenon was first observed in the Black Monday crash of 1987 at Wall Street, which also gave rise to the volatility skew/smirk

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Has this man been concealing his true identity?

Is this man a supposed 'dead' Seal Team Six soldier?

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Who ELSE is alive that may have faked their death/gone into witness protection?


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#SEALTeam6 Trump re-tweeted this.
क्या आप जानते हैं कि क्या है, पितृ पक्ष में कौवे को खाना देने के पीछे का वैज्ञानिक कारण!

श्राद्ध पक्ष में कौओं का बड़ा ही महत्व है। कहते है कौआ यम का प्रतीक है, यदि आपके हाथों दिया गया भोजन ग्रहण कर ले, तो ऐसा माना जाता है कि पितरों की कृपा आपके ऊपर है और वे आपसे ख़ुश है।


कुछ लोग कहते हैं की व्यक्ति मरकर सबसे पहले कौवे के रूप में जन्म लेता है और उसे खाना खिलाने से वह भोजन पितरों को मिलता है

शायद हम सबने अपने घर के किसी बड़े बुज़ुर्ग, किसी पंडित या ज्योतिषाचार्य से ये सुना होगा। वे अनगिनत किस्से सुनाएंगे, कहेंगे बड़े बुज़ुर्ग कह गए इसीलिए ऐसा करना

शायद ही हमें कोई इसके पीछे का वैज्ञानिक कारण बता सके।

हमारे ऋषि मुनि और पौराणिक काल में रहने वाले लोग मुर्ख नहीं थे! कभी सोचियेगा कौवों को पितृ पक्ष में खिलाई खीर हमारे पूर्वजों तक कैसे पहुंचेगी?

हमारे ऋषि मुनि विद्वान थे, वे जो बात करते या कहते थे उसके पीछे कोई न कोई वैज्ञानिक कारण छुपा होता था।

एक बहुत रोचक तथ्य है पितृ पक्ष, भादो( भाद्रपद) प्रकृति और काक के बीच।

एक बात जो कह सकते कि हम सब ने स्वतः उग आये पीपल या बरगद का पेड़/ पौधा किसी न किसी दीवार, पुरानी

इमारत, पर्वत या अट्टालिकाओं पर ज़रूर देखा होगा। देखा है न?

ज़रा सोचिये पीपल या बरगद की बीज कैसे पहुंचे होंगे वहाँ तक? इनके बीज इतने हल्के भी नहीं होते के हवा उन्हें उड़ाके ले जा सके।