BC FACEMASKS
Saved by @trestrange

#MASKUP THREAD

If someone asks: What's the evidence for mask wearing? Here is a list of *SEVENTY* papers, including reviews/meta-analysis and individual studies, in reverse chronological order. Includes 31 from 2020 alone (!!). META = meta-analysis or systematic review.

0/70

 1/70
"Visualizing the effectiveness of face masks in obstructing respiratory jets," Verma et al., June 30 2020, Phys Fluids: https://t.co/fdEiXeHe2G
2/70
"Community Use Of Face Masks And COVID-19: Evidence From A Natural Experiment Of State Mandates In The US" Lyu et al., June 16 2020, Health Affairs: https://t.co/71Puhnqai0
3/70
"Association of country-wide coronavirus mortality with demographics, testing, lockdowns, and public wearing of masks" Leffler et al., June 15 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/wFY8Zwandr
4/70
"Identifying airborne transmission as the dominant route for the spread of COVID-19" Zhang et al., June 11 2020, PNAS:  https://t.co/q5vfSnRhEK
5/70
"A modelling framework to assess the likely effectiveness of facemasks in combination with ‘lock-down’ in managing the COVID-19 pandemic" Stutt et al., June 10 2020, Proc. R. Soc. A.: https://t.co/UOIRfIFhot
6/70
META: "Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis," June 1 2020, Lancet: https://t.co/y0dY18JraM
7/70
"Face coverings for the public: Laying straw men to rest" Greenhalgh, May 26 2020, Journal of Evaluation of Clinical Practice: https://t.co/SuXmRejMdz
8/70
"COVID-19 and the Social Distancing Paradox: dangers and solutions" Marchiori, May 26 2020, arXiv:  https://t.co/0bTACUVmbe
9/70
"Cloth Masks May Prevent Transmission of COVID-19: An Evidence-Based, Risk-Based Approach," Clase et al., May 22 2020, An of Int Med.:  https://t.co/TsQtxDi9cm
10/70
"Quantitative Method for Comparative Assessment of Particle Filtration Efficiency of Fabric Masks as Alternatives to Standard Surgical Masks for PPE" Mueller et al., May 18 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/YmVchAE9yx
11/70
"Reduction of secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in households by face mask use, disinfection and social distancing: a cohort study in Beijing, China" Wang et al., May 11 2020, BMJ Global Health:  https://t.co/WH2lDvFNyh
12/70
"The flow physics of COVID-19" Mittal et al., May 1 2020, J. Fluid Mech.: https://t.co/a4s2jn7Gpp
13/70
"Aerosol Filtration Efficiency of Common Fabrics Used in Respiratory Cloth Masks" Konda et al., ACS Nano, April 24 2020:  https://t.co/c23lKUcnO2
14/70
"Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in medical staff members of neurosurgery departments in Hubei province: A multicentre descriptive study," Wang et al., Apr 24 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/JLj8szS0xw
15/70
"A rapid systematic review of the efficacy of face masks and respirators against coronaviruses and other respiratory transmissible..." MacIntyre et al., Apr 21 2020, Int J Nursing Studies:  https://t.co/zuUVFutPA9..
16/70
"Universal Masking is Urgent in the COVID-19 Pandemic: SEIR and Agent Based Models, Empirical Validation, Policy Recommendations," Kai et al., Apr 21 2020, arXiv:  https://t.co/QOAOYq6fNu
17/70
"Assessment of Fabric Masks as Alternatives to Standard Surgical Masks in Terms of Particle Filtration Efficiency" Mueller et al., Apr 17 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/QMWXLZtiR0
18/70
"Visualizing Speech-Generated Oral Fluid Droplets with Laser Light Scattering," Anfinrud et al., Apr 15 2020, N Engl J Med: https://t.co/org11NtXyW
19/70
"Transmission of COVID-19 to Health Care Personnel During Exposures to a Hospitalized Patient — Solano County, California, February 2020," Heinzerling et al., Apr 14 2020, CDC MMWR: https://t.co/8Y7KQigSfD
20/70
META: "Face Masks Against COVID-19: An Evidence Review," Howard et al., Apr 12 2020, Preprints:  https://t.co/pvAYZZu9H9
21/70
META: "Face masks for the public during the covid-19 crisis," Greenhalgh et al., April 9 2020, BMJ: https://t.co/4Zw16DPElQ
22/70
"The Case for Universal Cloth Mask Adoption and Policies to Increase Supply of Medical Masks for Health Workers" Abaluck et al., April 6 2020, SSRN: https://t.co/XDz8YK433M
23/70
META: Facemasks and similar barriers to prevent respiratory illness such as COVID-19: A rapid systematic review," Brainard et al., April 6 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/ZpvKTD1jhb
24/70
"Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses. Part 1 - Face masks, eye protection and person distancing: systematic review and meta-analysis," Jefferson et al., Apr 7 2020, medRxiv:  https://t.co/PUt3nLZdul
25/70
"Widespread use of face masks in public may slow the spread of SARS CoV-2: an ecological study," Kenyon, Apr 6 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/OiKQBdz1CB
26/70
"Could SARS-CoV-2 be transmitted via speech droplets?," Anfinrud et al., Apr 6 2020, medRxiv: https://t.co/6Z1R4RdLSw
27/70
"Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks" Leung et al., Nat Med, April 3 2020:  https://t.co/lDWGRq28S7
28/70
"Potential Utilities of Mask-Wearing and Instant Hand Hygiene for Fighting SARS-CoV-2" Ma et al., J Med Virol., March 31 2020: https://t.co/ZRFWSPx7vD
29/70
"Calibrated Intervention and Containment of the COVID-19 Pandemic," Tian et al., Mar 16 2020, arXiv: https://t.co/rN6Uz6K6Rf
30/70
META: "Effectiveness of N95 Respirators Versus Surgical Masks Against Influenza: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," Long et al., Mar 13 2020, J Evid Based Med.: https://t.co/pK42QXkUDm
31/70
"Association between 2019-nCoV transmission and N95 respirator use," Wang et al., Mar 3 2020, J Hosp Infect.: https://t.co/dMzXzydPog
32/70
"Risk of transmission via medical employees and importance of routine infection-prevention policy in a nosocomial outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)" Ki et al., Oct 30 2019, BMC Pulm Med.: https://t.co/FmPQS6Id16
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"N95 Respirators vs Medical Masks for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Personnel, A Randomized Clinical Trial," Radonovich et al., Sept 3 2019, JAMA: https://t.co/XB0fzirHhW
34/70
"Modeling the Effectiveness of Respiratory Protective Devices in Reducing Influenza Outbreak" Yan et al., Sept 19 2018, Risk Analysis: https://t.co/SL6RLXDoO3
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"Risk Factors for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection among Healthcare Personnel," Alraddadi et al., Nov 2016, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://t.co/7jHRATyR3i
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"Surveillance of the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (CoV) infection in healthcare workers after contact with confirmed MERS patients" Kim et al., July 27 2016, Clin Microb Infect.: https://t.co/tKEY1MJDkx
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META: "Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting health care workers from acute respiratory infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis" Smith et al. May 17 2016. CMAJ:  https://t.co/OoVFrFINqd
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"Transmission Among Healthcare Worker Contacts With a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Patient in a Single Korean Centre," Kim et al., Feb 2016, Clin Microbiol Infect.: https://t.co/BXGpz9ktYO
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"Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial to Test Effectiveness of Facemasks in Preventing Influenza-like Illness Transmission Among Australian Hajj Pilgrims in 2011," Barasheed et al., 2014, Infect Disord Drug Targets: https://t.co/EYnYs2df3p
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"Protection by Face Masks against Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus on Trans-Pacific Passenger Aircraft, 2009," Zhang et al., Sep 2013, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://t.co/8LqR4k7Ac2
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"Testing the Efficacy of Homemade Masks: Would They Protect in an Influenza Pandemic?" Davies et al., Aug 2013, Disaster Med Public Health Prep.: https://t.co/ym74JTpU7V
42/70
"Effectiveness of surgical masks against influenza bioaerosols" Booth et al., May 2013, Journal of Hosp Inf: https://t.co/HrQLPfOS8M
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"Influenza Virus Aerosols in Human Exhaled Breath: Particle Size, Culturability, and Effect of Surgical Masks" Milton et al. Mar 7 2013. PLoS Pathog: https://t.co/VvkfV5nKIw
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"Effectiveness of Selected Surgical Masks in Arresting Vegetative Cells and Endospores When Worn by Simulated Contagious Patients," Green at al., Mar 16 2012, Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol.: https://t.co/COuqbVdxcC
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"The Role of Facemasks and Hand Hygiene in the Prevention of Influenza Transmission in Households: Results From a Cluster Randomised Trial; Berlin, Germany, 2009-2011," Suess et al., Jan 26 2012, BMC Infect Dis.: https://t.co/BA2In2K3hi
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"Facemasks, Hand Hygiene, and Influenza Among Young Adults: A Randomized Intervention Trial," Aiello et al., Jan 25 2012, PLoS One:  https://t.co/wMFUXKAL1H
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"Is Abdominal Obesity Associated With the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Pandemic in Korean School-Aged Children?" Kim et al., Dec 8 2011, Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses: https://t.co/ep1VDDIwx0
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META: "Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses" Jefferson et al., July 6 2011, Cochrane Database Syst Rev.: https://t.co/wKprj5cagj
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"Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on URIs and Influenza in Crowded, Urban Households," Larson et al., Mar 2010, Public Health Rep.: https://t.co/G8VbosXLau
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"Mask Use, Hand Hygiene, and Seasonal Influenza-Like Illness Among Young Adults: A Randomized Intervention Trial," Aiello et al., Feb 15 2010, J Infect Dis.: https://t.co/nDQQASiW0k
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"Risk factors for SARS infection among hospital healthcare workers in Beijing: a case control study," Tang et al., Oct 7 2009, Trop Med & Int Health: https://t.co/OCRPMgNa4q
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"Facemasks and Hand Hygiene to Prevent Influenza Transmission in Households: A Cluster Randomized Trial," Cowling et al., 6 Oct 2009, Ann Intern Med.: https://t.co/ng9sH4wiSQ
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"A Quantitative Assessment of the Efficacy of Surgical and N95 Masks to Filter Influenza Virus in Patients With Acute Influenza Infection," Johnson et al., July 15 2009, Clin Infect Dis: https://t.co/nkSpYULnnf
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"Face Mask Use and Control of Respiratory Virus Transmission in Households," MacIntyre et al., Feb 2009, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://t.co/SPyWDGjudR
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"The First Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Mask Use in Households to Prevent Respiratory Virus Transmission," MacIntyre et al. Dec 1 2008, Int J Infect Dis.: https://t.co/eKdvAvOzeJ
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"Risk Factors for SARS Infection Within Hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam," Nishiyama et al., Sep 2008, Jpn J Infect Dis.:  https://t.co/XX6gt0IEK1
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"Professional and Home-Made Face Masks Reduce Exposure to Respiratory Infections among the General Population," v.d.Sande et al., July 9 2008, PLoS One: https://t.co/pz1LHUHADP
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"Factors Associated With Nosocomial SARS-CoV Transmission Among Healthcare Workers in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2003," Reynolds et al., Aug 2006, BMC Public Health: https://t.co/lSPnZv6Xtq
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"Investigation of the Influencing Factors on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Among Health Care Workers," Pei et al., June 18 2006, Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban: https://t.co/xLhEtkgGBe
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"Simple Respiratory Mask," Dato et al., June 2006, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://t.co/Vav7zmGNnc
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"Rapid Awareness and Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Hanoi French Hospital, Vietnam," Jul 1 2005, Am J Trop Med and Hyg.: https://t.co/coc6jmb2zy
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"Asymptomatic SARS Coronavirus Infection among Healthcare Workers, Singapore," Wilder-Smith et al., July 2005, Emerg Inf Dis.: https://t.co/ebcOID87Qm
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"Factors associated with transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome among health-care workers in Singapore," Teleman et al., Nov 8 2004, Epidemiol Infect.: https://t.co/W9Sg0V8zun
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"SARS Transmission, Risk Factors, and Prevention in Hong Kong," Lau et al., Apr 2004, Emerg Infect Dis.:  https://t.co/5zPtHkUi5x
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"Mild Illness Associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection: Lessons from a Prospective Seroepidemiologic Study of Health-Care Workers in a Teaching Hospital in Singapore," Ho et al., Feb 15 2004, J Infect Dis.: https://t.co/OxzHEq0nwi
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"Risk Factors for SARS among Persons without Known Contact with SARS Patients, Beijing, China" Wu et al., Feb 2004, Emerg Infect Dis: https://t.co/bTkLamjqdp
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"SARS Among Critical Care Nurses, Toronto," Loeb et al., Feb 2004, Emerg Infect Dis.:  https://t.co/d50otdmfzH
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"Effectiveness of Personal Protective Measures in Prevention of Nosocomial Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome," Yin et al., Jan 2004. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi: https://t.co/G0cXlPPEPA
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"Illness in Intensive Care Staff After Brief Exposure to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome," Scales et al., Oct 2003, Emerg Infect Dis.: https://t.co/cX5QKQwWhr
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"Effectiveness of precautions against droplets and contact in prevention of nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)," Seto et al., May 3 2003, Lancet: https://t.co/s73MYugRbr

More from Facemasks

Mark Davidson
Mark Davidson
@MarkDavidsonAfr
@trestrange @PaulScott005 Here is evidence that they work - over 90 studies (including a meta analysis of 21).

Meta analysis of 21 studies:
https://t.co/GBymOZJY0m

Recent study in Germany:
https://t.co/irHP0wDDCn

70 various studies showing impact of masks on
FACEMASKS
Denis Rancourt
Denis Rancourt
@denisrancourt
Message from an expert: "In just one week, we’ve had 4 major peer-reviewed studies refuting masks, asymptomatic transmission, pre-symptomatic transmission and PCR tests . House of cards is falling."
PCR , FACEMASKS
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Kevin McKernan
Kevin McKernan
@Kevin_McKernan
Masks Masquerading as ScienceTM.

I spent a good part of my career engineering emulsion PCR and Nebulization equipment for DNA and RNA shearing. I have a very different view on this topic and have mostly stayed out of the debate as it's now cultish.


My largest concern over mask studies is most of them fail to include live virus in the study and measure the infectivity of the particles on the inside and outside of the masks, the fomite formation, and the microbiome risks associated with non-sterile technique mask use.

The focus as been myopic ironically. It is focused on the reduction of large droplets while failing to consider if the larger droplets are getting nebulized into smaller ones.

If you study the field you will see viral nebulization is a technique used to get higher infectivity of viruses. This is used with ventilator patients suffering from pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Nebulize bacteriaphage to get deep into the lungs and kill bacteria.


In fact products exist on the marketplace to nebulize medicines because aerosols get deeper into the lungs than large droplets.
FACEMASKS
Pharoah Maskfree McFlightrisk
Pharoah Maskfree McFli...
@trestrange
WHO Western Pacific, gives correct guidelines. Trump pulled out America's support from WHO because Tedros is owned by Bill Gates, and with US support out, the main funder for Tedros's WHO is Bill Gates. https://t.co/6oRmJyZyDT
FACEMASKS
White man bad.
White man bad.
@Qwerty24600115
An August 2020 review by a German professor in virology, epidemiology and hygiene found that there is no evidence for the effectiveness of cloth face masks and that the improper daily use of masks by the public may in fact lead to an increase in infections.

Link, 👇

https://t.co/fTa5BJlHfC

May 2020 cross-country study by the University of East Anglia (preprint) found that a mask requirement was of no benefit and could even increase the risk of

May 2020 meta-study on pandemic influenza published by the US CDC found that face masks had no effect, neither as personal protective equipment nor as a source control.
FACEMASKS

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'Treasure Gods' - Sangha Nidhi' and 'Padma Nidhi', Tirumala, Tirupati.

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These are the two guards guarding the Wealth and Treasure of Lord Sri Venkateswara.

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We should stop confusing what someone was doing when we became aware of them with all they are capable of, interested in, or ever hope to be

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Simple and effective way 2 make Money


Idea 1:- Use pivot level like 14800 in case of nifty and sell 14800straddle monthly expiry (365+335) exit if nifty closes on daily basis below S1 or above R1

After closing below S1 if it closes above S1 next day or any day enter the same position again vice versa for R1

Idea2:- Use R1 and S1 corresponding strikes multiple
Incase of R1 15337 take 15300ce
N in case of S1 14221 use 14200pe
Sell both and hold till expiry or exit if nifty closes below S1 or above R1 around closing
If the same bounces above S1 and falls below R1 re-enfer same strikes

Use same criteria for nifty, usdinr and banknifty

(This is must)Use this margin rule for 1lot banknifty pair keep 4Lax margin
For nifty one lot keep 3Lax
For usdinr 100lots keep 4Lax

I bet you if you do this on consistent basis your ROI will be more than 70% on yearly basis.

Couldn't explain easier than this

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