Webinar on tools for assessing national #climate pledges (NDCs) by @WRIClimate. @davidwaskow reminds: #ParisAgreement is meant to work thru an iterative process of increasing ambition (faster emission reductions), leading to #netzero emissions by 2050. (Thread 1/n)

The world is currently WAY over our #carbonbudget for where we need to be to align with #ParisAgreement. Orange= countries will do under any event; red = conditional (e.g., will do if they get needed finance). We have LOTSA emissions to reduce fast @davidwaskow @WRIClimate (2/n)
Of 21 indicators assessed for #ParisAgreement:
2 are on track (e.g., crop yields)
13 right direction but too slow (e.g., need electric vehicle sales to be 22x faster than now)
2 in wrong direction: forests, ag emissions
@davidwaskow from @climateactiontr, @WRIClimate et al 3/n
Current state of play: 12 Dec 2021= 5 year #ParisAgreement anniversary. Look for more announcements of national climate pledges. Some new pledges already released, but many govt's focused on #COVID19 recovery- important to link with climate-compatible recovery. @davidwaskow 4/n
What is https://t.co/kymb46d9yv?
100s of credible datasets,
100,000s of data points
to assess #climate trends, targets, bring transparency to inform + drive #ClimateAction.
For govts, biz, researchers, NGOs
Run by @JohannesFried.
(See also other forest, energy, ... tools) 5/n
Data on #ClimateWatchData includes most current data possible for GHG emissions (most comprehensive source available, all countries/sectors/gases globally, will be up to 2018 next week; pathways); also publishes others' data e.g., @gcarbonproject 2019. @JohannesFried 6/n
Everyone wants to play (ratified #ParisAgreement) but no one wants to do the work:
Only 20 countries have long-term #climate strategies
Only 20 have submitted updated, more ambitious pledges (NDCs)
26 have net zero targets
62 have economy wide #climate policy
@MengpinGe (7/n)
How can we know if countries are doing what they promised in Paris and increasing #ClimateAction & ambition? https://t.co/jtwm5pA2ip tool assesses new climate pledges (NDCs) using 5 criteria. (More resources: https://t.co/FPX998L5Zu & long-term explorer) @MengpinGe (8/n)
Very useful overview & comparison of current #climate pledges by countries. Can compare documents between countries or over time. https://t.co/gA97WeK8fL

Coming soon: #NetZero tracker (see report:https://t.co/Kb5JB2VgMu).

@MengpinGe (9/n)
Coming soon: #ClimateWatchData #dataviz library for cool things like this! @Matt_Herbert_ says they can help with #climate #dataviz, get in touch w/ @WRIClimate. (10/n)
Super useful resource (though incomplete, submit policies you know of to update!): @ECIU_UK map of #climate targets including sub-national actors (businesses, cities, regions, ...) (11/n) https://t.co/fnATmAghM6
#climate finance - how much money have countries pledged/delivered? (including shameful US record- hope this is turned around in 2021): https://t.co/FV3TO1EGcg
OECD 2018 found $78.9 bn/yr (78% public $), of $100 bn/yr promised in Paris, per @davidwaskow (12/12)

More from Economy

On Jan 6, 2021, the always stellar Mr @deepakshenoy tweeted, this:

https://t.co/fa3GX9VnW0

Innocuous 1 sentence, but its a full economic theory at play.
Let me break it down for you. (1/n)


On September 30, 2020, I wrote an article for @CFASocietyIndia where I explained that RBI is all set to lose its ability to set interest rates if it continues to fiddle with the exchange rate (2/n)

What do I mean, "fiddle with the exchange rate"?

In essence, if RBI opts and continues to manage exchange rate, then that is "fiddling with the exchange rate"

RBI has done that in the past and has restarted it in 2020 - very explicitly. (3/n)

First in March 2020, it opened a Dollar/INR swap of $2B with far leg to be unwound in September 2020.

Implying INR will be bought from the open markets in order to prevent INR from falling vis a vis USD (4/n)

The Second aspect is now, that dollar inflow is happening, and the forex reserves swelled -> implying the rupee is appreciating, RBI again intervened from September, by selling INR in spot markets. (5/n)
https://t.co/9kpWP7ovyM
In this paper, we study vote choices of voters who are left-wing on economic issues and authoritarian/nationalist on cultural issues, especially immigration. For these voters, there is no often party combining positions in this way.


In the data from the Campaign Panel of the German Election Study 2017, many voters prefer higher social benefits and taxes and want to restrict immigration. @ches_data show that no party bundles issue positions in this way.


In the article, we show that many such “left-authoritarians” perceive the party they voted for to also hold a left-authoritarian position. Interestingly, this includes many AfD voters who report a perceived left-wing economic position of the party.


Our statistical models study the interplay between this (mis-)perceived congruence and issue importance, using an open-ended question on the most important political problem in Germany.

We find that (mis-)perceived congruence and issue importance interactively shape the left-authoritarian vote. Simply, perceived congruence matters more on an important issue—and issue salience matters most if voters accurately perceive incongruent party supply.

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Viruses and other pathogens are often studied as stand-alone entities, despite that, in nature, they mostly live in multispecies associations called biofilms—both externally and within the host.

https://t.co/FBfXhUrH5d


Microorganisms in biofilms are enclosed by an extracellular matrix that confers protection and improves survival. Previous studies have shown that viruses can secondarily colonize preexisting biofilms, and viral biofilms have also been described.


...we raise the perspective that CoVs can persistently infect bats due to their association with biofilm structures. This phenomenon potentially provides an optimal environment for nonpathogenic & well-adapted viruses to interact with the host, as well as for viral recombination.


Biofilms can also enhance virion viability in extracellular environments, such as on fomites and in aquatic sediments, allowing viral persistence and dissemination.