BC CRYPTO
Saved by @Mollyycolllinss

1/ ERC-20 token standard approve() has caused an unnecessary cost of $53.8M for #Ethereum and #DeFi users

This is bad. Continue reading why and how to avoid this in the future.

👇👇👇

 2/ Before you go all rage on the flaws of my analysis, please read the whole Twitter thread for disclaimers and caveats.
3/ approve() is an unnecessary step of ERC-20 tokens when they interact with smart contracts.

You know this because when you do a Uniswap trade you need press two transaction buttons instead of one.
4/ Why there is approve() - you can read the history in this Twitter thread

https://t.co/ZHXzPBbqJJ
5/ I queried all approve() transactions on Google BigQuery public dataset and calculated their ETH cost and then converted this to the USD with the current ETH price.
6/ These queries were made possible to awesome @EthereumETL team. They have created Google BigQuery dataset from real-time blockchain data. You can query over terabytes of Ethereum data FOR FREE.
7/ Here are instructions on how to execute your own queries:

https://t.co/YnK1p8u75n

(But links are outdated because Google Cloud has new UI)
8/ Total transaction on #Ethereum blockchain: 989,461,092

Woo! One billion transactions will be done in a few days!
9/ Total ERC-20 transfers(): 304,382,558

Includes only Externally Owned Accounts, EOAs.
10/ Total ERC-20 approves(): 14,921,106

Includes only Externally Owned Accounts, EOAs.
11/ The gas cost ERC-20 approves():

41327.870139658684 ETH
12/ Here is my query

https://t.co/FqNWBAxjwt
13/ You can query Ethereum transactions that call a particular smart contract function by the 4-byte signature of the function that is 1st parameter of tx data field.
14/ Binary function signatures are 4-bytes keccak256() hash of the @solidity_lang signature string. Here is an example:
15/ If you are a @solidity_lang or Vyper developer, consider ditching ERC-20 and include alternative token standard in your next token.

Alternatives for ERC-20 include:

ERC-777
ERC-667
ERC-827
ERC-223
(did I miss any?)
16/ Most of the new token standards, like ERC-777 are backwards compatible and work with ERC-20 enabled centralised exchanges.

Centralised exchanges do not need to do anything to support these new, better, token standards that make smart contract and #DeFi interactions safer.
17/ Or let's put it this way...

Every time someone creates a new ERC-20 token, hundreds of thousands of dollars die.

Let's actively demanding non-ERC 20 tokens from developers.

And if that does not work I suggest we start punching ERC-20 developers to face over the internet
18/ Newer token standards may "increase the attack surface", but in practice, this has not been a problem for high-quality #DeFi projects since 2018 or so.
18/ Note that raw approve() cost calculation comparison to newer token standard is not 1:1.

Newer token standards need some similar mechanism to pass user data as the part of the transaction, but this cost is lower compared to additional approve() tx.

Prove me wrong.
19/ FIN

CC @dmihal @FrancescoRenziA @abcoathup

Now I am going to climb the mountain, get fresh air and visit monkies

More from Crypto

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1/22 Why XRP will beat Bitcoin.

(Video version @ https://t.co/VIHEoHLYpN)

A thread. 👇


2/22 Despite last night's major Bitcoin correction, it still sits at $33k, well above the last bull run's all time high. With XRP currently at $0.28, it may seem rather ridiculous to think XRP will ever become #1.


3/22 However, it's important to compare Bitcoin and XRP not in terms of price, but market cap. That's because there are 100 billion XRP (and will never be more) and 19 million circulating Bitcoin (21 million max). So comparing the price of individual tokens doesn't work.


4/22 XRP's market cap is $12.6 billion. Bitcoin's is $623 (roughly 50x more, 55x if you factor in the 2 million Bitcoin not yet mined). That's a huge lead, but not as big as the 119,000x lead if you compare token price!


5/22 Bitcoin's primary advantage is its early adoption. It caught on earlier and became the front runner of crypto. Don't underestimate the power of being first. It gives a massive advantage. But it doesn't GUARANTEE being the winner long-term.
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Sahil Bloom
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Lindy Effect 101

With Bitcoin's return to the spotlight, debates on its long-term viability are raging. Its proponents contend @nntaleb's Lindy Effect says the technology is here to stay.

But what is the "Lindy Effect" and how does it work?

Here's Lindy Effect 101!

👇👇👇


1/ First, a few definitions.

The Lindy Effect is a theory that the future life expectancy of specific non-perishable items, like a technology or idea, is proportional to their age.

Put simply, the longer it has already lasted, the higher the likelihood it will continue to last.

2/ The term "Lindy effect" is a reference to Lindy's, a New York deli frequented by comedians in the 1960s.

While author Albert Goldman used the term "Lindy's Law" in a 1964 article, it was mathematician Benoit Mandlebrot who moved the dialogue towards the current definition.


3/ In his book, entitled The Fractal Geometry of Nature, Mandlebrot commented that the more stage appearances a Lindy's comedian made, the more future appearances he could be predicted to make.

The longer he lasted, the longer he would continue to last.

4/ @nntaleb built upon Mandelbrot's work, formally coining the term "Lindy Effect" in his book, Antifragile.

He noted the Lindy Effect with books - the longer a book has been in print, the longer it is likely to survive.

With no natural upper bound, power laws come into play.
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Jonty Wareing
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@jonty
Out of curiosity I dug into how NFT's actually reference the media you're "buying" and my eyebrows are now orbiting the moon

Short version:

The NFT token you bought either points to a URL on the internet, or an IPFS hash. In most circumstances it references an IPFS gateway on the internet run by the startup you bought the NFT from.

Oh, and that URL is not the media. That URL is a JSON metadata file

Here's an example. This artwork is by Beeple and sold via Nifty:

https://t.co/TlJKH8kAew

The NFT token is for this JSON file hosted directly on Nifty's servers:

https://t.co/GQUaCnObvX


THAT file refers to the actual media you just "bought". Which in this case is hosted via a @cloudinary CDN, served by Nifty's servers again.

So if Nifty goes bust, your token is now worthless. It refers to nothing. This can't be changed.

"But you said some use IPFS!"

Let's look at the $65m Beeple, sold by Christies. Fancy.

https://t.co/1G9nCAdetk

That NFT token refers directly to an IPFS hash (https://t.co/QUdtdgtssH). We can take that IPFS hash and fetch the JSON metadata using a public gateway:

https://t.co/CoML7psBhF
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Emperor\U0001f451
Emperor👑
@EmperorBTC
🚨Altcoin Trading Indicator🚨

How to use it. A THREAD.

Please Share.

To use it to buy Altcoins and make a high probability entry, the following conditions needs to be fulfilled.

For a long.
1. A green candle Closes above the cross.
2. Heikin Ashi candle turns green.
3. Price should be above 0.236 Fib from the swing high.


How to add the Indicator.

1. Click on the link and Add it to favorites and apply.
https://t.co/Kn90qgDjMi

2. Or Search it in the tab and then apply it.


The indicator itself the most comprehensive Moving Average Indicator which provides 9 MAs and 13 Different times of MAs.

The base of the indicator was by @insiliconot.

To further enhance it, I have added a cross indicator on the cross which works the best historically on Alts.


Condition 1- The cross.

Entry is made when a Cross occurs on the EMA 13/21.
The indicator automatically indicators the Cross with P for a positive cross or N for a negative cross.

This is the first condition for an Entry.
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Tahinis Restaurants
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@TheRealTahinis
Hodling #Bitcoin as a Company is not easy, over the past year it felt like we were battling an opposing public opinion in our community all the time.
This was resolved by us learning & studying which was crucial
.
Thread 👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽

2/ The arguments were exhausting especially if you didn't put time into education
1. Too volatile
2. Untrustworthy
3. Will get banned
4. Consumes too much energy
5. Not an investment, its speculation
6. Manipulated market
7. CBDC's
8. Used by criminals

3/ We saw something different, #Bitcoin was the most stable asset in our lives. Block after block it operated with perfection as promised. #Bitcoin hasn't changed at all since we got into it (yes, we verified) but the echo system built on top of it grew immensely

4/ Meanwhile everything else around us was insanely volatile, Our Central Bank printed more money than was ever printed in the country's history. Prices of real estate, commodities, groceries shot through the roof, more importantly the prices of Chicken

5/ Our business is built on the back of fresh high quality Chicken which increased in price by >25%
Nassim Taleb came out on @CNBC and suggested that owning a business should be sufficient to protect you from inflation because you can raise prices,
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