"The coronavirus in Italy since September 2019"
Unexpected detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the prepandemic period in Italy
First Published November 11, 2020
https://t.co/nhlccks5AS
Smashed Paywall thanks to @Sci_Hub
https://t.co/wWPFJMjjFJ

Maybe a coincidence but an agreement was recently signed by the authors' institute and guess who?
https://t.co/vh7qX3hyPD
The Lead Author specifically of the paper:
"Unexpected detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the prepandemic period in Italy"
is Giovanni Apolone of the "Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori" Milan, Italy
Some funding is involved....
Anyone good at Italian feel free to comment?
"You findee sars cov 2 in old sample back September time, we give you big fat red envelopeee, okey dokey?"

More has emerged regarding the Chinese connection
"Oncology research, Italy and China close to the collaboration protocol"
.https://t.co/Mt5hO9Dggc
Two other authors of the "unexpected" paper are mentioned in the above article
(Ugo Pastorino and Gabriella Sozzi of the National Cancer Institute of Milan)
Finally, the Medical Director herself...
Patrizia Monti leaves the Lecco hospital to take up the position of medical director at the National Cancer Institute of Milan,
https://t.co/k54pfF8kWJ
Her China Connections can be found here:
https://t.co/GwYbXHde4s
and here she is in 2018 having a friendly discussion which laid the basis for future cooperation....
The delegation from the Milan, Italy visited Zhejiang University School of Medicine
http://210.32.0.77/index.php?a=detail&catid=197&id=22906&web=english
Some of the other suthors of the paper work at VisMederi Research Srl, Siena, and also University of Siena but I don't see any special links to China there.....yet
https://t.co/3wst0BIpgM
Linkedin
https://t.co/RayGH6AKHt
and
https://t.co/woRTIo69Lv
Barcelona and Brazil were not enough?
Is this a response to the WHO investigation reports?
WHO knows?
And here we have a more scientific critique from
@BallouxFrancois
https://t.co/XwnOBznLA0
As to be expected the Chinese Media is all over this
https://t.co/tcLHamwfKS
On the pitfalls & dangers of believing new anomalous lab test results which contradict previous findings
(Cross-Reactivity)
Example from Canada in 2003 where results showed SARS but were later found to be due to human CoV-OC43 (HCoV-OC43) cross-reactivity
https://t.co/h8yhefQtlP

More from Billy Bostickson 🏴👁&👁 🆓

1/ Directed Evolution and Serial passage of RNA Viruses
A quick (I hope) thread on RNA viruses & some others, mainly for my own learning process, but also as evidence (as if it was needed) of what modern virology & microbiology is capable of doing to viruses in their laboratories

2/ In Vivo Continuous Directed Evolution
1 Recent advances in the field of in vivo continuous evolution
2 Advances in continuous culture of microbes enable continuous evolution
3 Viruses, prokaryotes, & eukaryotes mediate in vivo continuous evolution
https://t.co/BfR0B2Hwsf


3/ Continuous Directed Evolution of Biomolecules
By greatly accelerating laboratory evolution, PACE may provide solutions to otherwise intractable directed evolution problems and address novel questions about molecular evolution.
https://t.co/G3mIptI54H


4/ CDE for Strain & Protein Engineering
Inducible hypermutator systems accelerate strain evolution without compromising genome integrity.
Site-specific in vivo mutagenesis strategies have facilitated continuous protein engineering.
Automation

5/ Targeted mutagenesis:
A sniper-like diversity generator in microbial engineering
https://t.co/wdKyXghRYe
Advances in the directed evolution of proteins
https://t.co/1xXTtw1i3i
In vivo continuous directed evolution
https://t.co/xKRVSjVvo4
November 3 - 9, 2019 -Wuhan Institute of Virology
International Training Course on Biosafety Laboratory Management and Technology
1. Daniel Feakes, head of UN Biological Weapons Convention implementation support agency
2. René Courcol, quality control system expert, France's BSL


List of Lecturers with short bios at
November 3 - 9, WIV Training Course:
https://t.co/Bsd9yO40JP
YUAN Zhiming Professor, Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS (Deputy Director)
SONG Donglin, Professor, Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS ( Deputy Director of Wuhan BSL-4 Laboratory.)

Dr. TONG Xiao Senior Engineer at WIV (Molecular Virology & (HIV) infection, mechanical & vaccine immunology) On-site Manager & Chief engineer for WIV BSL-4 Lab construction, maintenance & biosafety equipment R&D.

Zhengli Shi, Director of WIV Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, now in charge of scientific activity in BSL3 & BSL4. Viral pathogen discovery through sequencing techniques, wildlife-borne viral pathogens, particularly bat-borne viruses since 2004.

DENG Fei, Principle Investigator in Research Group on Viruses Resources & Biotechnology in WIV, also Director of Microorganisms & Viruses Resource Center.
Graduate of ECUST, went to Great Lakes Forestry Center, Canada in 2001 & Wageningen University, NL to study baculovirus.
Meat is high in Glycosaminoglycans
(central to coronavirus's ability to attach to host cells)
Beef, pork poultry, seafood are rich in heparan sulfate (glycosaminoglycans), highly charged anchors for SARSCoV2
Meat surfaces critical factors for transmission
https://t.co/yP6lH22OTF

1/5 Science behind that tweet just in case anyone thinks I speak without awareness ;)
Glycosaminoglycans from fresh water fish processing discard - Isolation, structural characterization, and osteogenic activity
https://t.co/fyjac03IuV
SALMON MOUTHS

2/5 Salmon Mouths 2
Characterization of Glycosaminoglycans in Gaping and Intact Connective Tissues of Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Fillets by Mass

3/5 Why does SARS-COV-2 like meat & seafood?
Glycosaminoglycan binding motif at S1/S2 proteolytic cleavage site on spike glycoprotein may facilitate novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) host cell entry
https://t.co/DpHF1WmxeG
Glycosaminoglycans and

4/5 Glycosaminoglycans
Role of in Infectious Disease
(same authors as above)
https://t.co/3q5dn2Io3Q
Glycosaminoglycans in Infectious Disease
https://t.co/Dep7aJlpLP
Murine Coronavirus with an Extended Host Range Uses Heparan Sulfate as an Entry

More from All

#தினம்_ஒரு_திருவாசகம்
தொல்லை இரும்பிறவிச் சூழும் தளை நீக்கி
அல்லல் அறுத்து ஆனந்தம் ஆக்கியதே – எல்லை
மருவா நெறியளிக்கும் வாதவூர் எங்கோன்
திருவாசகம் என்னும் தேன்

பொருள்:
1.எப்போது ஆரம்பித்தது என அறியப்படமுடியாத தொலை காலமாக (தொல்லை)

2. இருந்து வரும் (இரும்)


3.பிறவிப் பயணத்திலே ஆழ்த்துகின்ற (பிறவி சூழும்)

4.அறியாமையாகிய இடரை (தளை)

5.அகற்றி (நீக்கி),

6.அதன் விளைவால் சுகதுக்கமெனும் துயரங்கள் விலக (அல்லல் அறுத்து),

7.முழுநிறைவாய்த் தன்னுளே இறைவனை உணர்த்துவதே (ஆனந்த மாக்கியதே),

8.பிறந்து இறக்கும் காலவெளிகளில் (எல்லை)

9.பிணைக்காமல் (மருவா)

10.காக்கும் மெய்யறிவினைத் தருகின்ற (நெறியளிக்கும்),

11.என் தலைவனான மாணிக்க வாசகரின் (வாதவூரெங்கோன்)

12.திருவாசகம் எனும் தேன் (திருவா சகமென்னுந் தேன்)

முதல்வரி: பிறவி என்பது முன்வினை விதையால் முளைப்பதோர் பெருமரம். அந்த ‘முன்வினை’ எங்கு ஆரம்பித்தது எனச் சொல்ல இயலாது. ஆனால் ‘அறியாமை’ ஒன்றே ஆசைக்கும்,, அச்சத்துக்கும் காரணம் என்பதால், அவையே வினைகளை விளைவிப்பன என்பதால், தொடர்ந்து வரும் பிறவிகளுக்கு, ‘அறியாமையே’ காரணம்

அறியாமைக்கு ஆரம்பம் கிடையாது. நமக்கு ஒரு பொருளைப் பற்றிய அறிவு எப்போதிருந்து இல்லை? அதைச் சொல்ல முடியாது. அதனாலேதான் முதலடியில், ஆரம்பமில்லாத அஞ்ஞானத்தை பிறவிகளுக்குக் காரணமாகச் சொல்லியது. ஆனால் அறியாமை, அறிவின் எழுச்சியால், அப்போதே முடிந்து விடும்.
1. Mini Thread on Conflicts of Interest involving the authors of the Nature Toilet Paper:
https://t.co/VUYbsKGncx
Kristian G. Andersen
Andrew Rambaut
Ian Lipkin
Edward C. Holmes
Robert F. Garry

2. Thanks to @newboxer007 for forwarding the link to the research by an Australian in Taiwan (not on

3. K.Andersen didn't mention "competing interests"
Only Garry listed Zalgen Labs, which we will look at later.
In acknowledgements, Michael Farzan, Wellcome Trust, NIH, ERC & ARC are mentioned.
Author affiliations listed as usual.
Note the 328 Citations!
https://t.co/nmOeohM89Q


4. Kristian Andersen (1)
Andersen worked with USAMRIID & Fort Detrick scientists on research, with Robert Garry, Jens Kuhn & Sina Bavari among


5. Kristian Andersen (2)
Works at Scripps Research Institute, which WAS in serious financial trouble, haemorrhaging 20 million $ a year.
But just when the first virus cases were emerging, they received great news.
They issued a press release dated November 27, 2019:

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Tip from the Monkey
Pangolins, September 2019 and PLA are the key to this mystery
Stay Tuned!


1. Yang


2. A jacobin capuchin dangling a flagellin pangolin on a javelin while playing a mandolin and strangling a mannequin on a paladin's palanquin, said Saladin
More to come tomorrow!


3. Yigang Tong
https://t.co/CYtqYorhzH
Archived: https://t.co/ncz5ruwE2W


4. YT Interview
Some bats & pangolins carry viruses related with SARS-CoV-2, found in SE Asia and in Yunnan, & the pangolins carrying SARS-CoV-2 related viruses were smuggled from SE Asia, so there is a possibility that SARS-CoV-2 were coming from