Topics:
➊ Introduction to RDBMS
➋ Normalisation
➌ Introduction to SQL
➍ Tables and Fields
➎ Constraints
➏ DDL
➐ DML & DQL
➑ Joins
75+ SQL Interview Questions
⇩
Topics:
➊ Introduction to RDBMS
➋ Normalisation
➌ Introduction to SQL
➍ Tables and Fields
➎ Constraints
➏ DDL
➐ DML & DQL
➑ Joins
➀ What is a Database?
➁ What are different types of Databases?
➂ What is DBMS?
➃ What is difference between Database and DBMS?
➄ What is RDBMS?
➅ Which are popular RDBMS vendors?
➆ What is ACID property in Database?
➀ What is Normalisation?
➁ Why is Normalisation necessary?
➂ What are the disadvantages of not performing Normalisation?
➃ What are different Normal Forms (NF)?
➄ What is Denormalisation?
➀ What is SQL?
➁ What is the use of SQL?
➂ Is SQL a programming language?
➃ What are the different parts of SQL?
Or,
➄ Group SQL commands in different parts.
➅ What is DDL?
➆ What is DML?
➇ What is DQL?
➈ What is DCL?
➉ What is TCL?
➀ What is a Table?
➁ What is a field in a Table?
➂ Write a SQL command to create a Table.
➃ How to change the name of a Table?
➄ How to truncate a table?
➅ How to drop a table?
➀ What is a constraint?
➁ What are different levels of constraints?
➂ Give examples of various constraints?
➃ What is a primary key?
➄ What is a unique key?
➆ What is a foreign key?
➇ What is NULL value?
➈ What is NOT NULL constraint?
➉ Is blank space or Zero (0) same as NULL?
➀ Give some examples of DDL commands
➁ Write the syntax of creating a table
➂ How to specify the default value for a column?
➃ How to specify a foreign key?
➄ How to specify a unique key?
➅ How to specify multiple columns as the primary key?
➇ How to create a copy of a table? (both structure and, data)
➈ You have 'n' tables and asked to create a separate table which will contain a few columns from these tables with data being copied.
➀➀ Difference between ALTER and RENAME
➀➁ Can a previously nullable column be altered to a NOT NULL column? If yes, explain the steps.
➀ How to insert rows into a table?
➁ What are different syntaxes for inserting records into a table?
➂ What is the syntax to insert multiple records at a time?
➃ How to update data in a table?
➄ How to delete a row in a table?
➆ Explain how DML operations are performed on a View.
Or,
➇ Are Views used only for SELECT queries?
➈ How to fetch rows of a table?
➉ What is a query condition? How to write it in SQL?
➀➀ How to sort the fetched records?
➀➂ How to find how many records are being fetched?
➀➃ How to find the maximum and minimum value for a field in fetched records?
➀➄ How to sum values in a field for all records?
➀ What is a join in SQL?
➁ What are the different types of joins?
➂ What is Inner Join?
➃ What is Left Outer Join?
➄ What is Right Outer Join?
➅ What is Full Outer Join?
➆ What is Cross Join?
➈ What is Equi Join?
➉ What is Natural Join?
➀➀ Given a query in Cross Join, convert it into an Inner Join.
➀➁ Given a query in Right Outer Join, convert it into a Left Outer Join.
Or,
➀➃ What is required to convert an Inner Join into an Equi Join?
➀➄ What should be taken care of to improve the performance of queries containing Joins.
More from Swapna Kumar Panda
🛣 Beginner's Roadmap for Front-End
HTML & CSS → 👩💻 → JavaScript → 👩💻
↓
👩💻 ← React* ← 👩💻 ← Tailwind*
↓
TypeScript → 👩💻 → Next.js* → 👩💻 → 🏁
⇩
What would we cover?
➊ HTML & CSS
➋ JavaScript
➌ CSS Frameworks
➍ UI Frameworks
➎ TypeScript
➏ Server-side Frameworks
➐ Practice, Practice and, Practice
➑ Other Skills
➒ Frequently Asked Questions
➊ HTML & CSS
⬘ Your Front-End journey shall always start from HTML & CSS and, ends with these as well.
⬗ Don't over burden yourself to learn everything at once. It's a continuous subject.
⬙ Do not separate HTML from CSS. That's
➋ JavaScript
JavaScript is essential. You should start with basics and move to complex subjects.
❍ JavaScript Syntaxes
(preferably ES6 onwards)
❍ HTML DOM API
❍ Event Handling
❍ Fetch
➌ CSS Frameworks
CSS Framework is necessary if you are planning to be a professional developer.
There are so many options available.
❍ Tailwind CSS
❍ Bootstrap
❍ Chakra
❍ Bulma
❍ Foundation
❍ Skeleton
❍ Pure CSS
Start with anything. You can switch any time.
HTML & CSS → 👩💻 → JavaScript → 👩💻
↓
👩💻 ← React* ← 👩💻 ← Tailwind*
↓
TypeScript → 👩💻 → Next.js* → 👩💻 → 🏁
⇩
What would we cover?
➊ HTML & CSS
➋ JavaScript
➌ CSS Frameworks
➍ UI Frameworks
➎ TypeScript
➏ Server-side Frameworks
➐ Practice, Practice and, Practice
➑ Other Skills
➒ Frequently Asked Questions
➊ HTML & CSS
⬘ Your Front-End journey shall always start from HTML & CSS and, ends with these as well.
⬗ Don't over burden yourself to learn everything at once. It's a continuous subject.
⬙ Do not separate HTML from CSS. That's
Beginner's Roadmap for HTML & CSS
— Swapna Kumar Panda \uea00 (@swapnakpanda) April 18, 2022
\u21e9
➋ JavaScript
JavaScript is essential. You should start with basics and move to complex subjects.
❍ JavaScript Syntaxes
(preferably ES6 onwards)
❍ HTML DOM API
❍ Event Handling
❍ Fetch
\U0001f6e3 Roadmap for JavaScript Absolute Beginners
— Swapna Kumar Panda \uea00 (@swapnakpanda) March 29, 2022
\u21e9
➌ CSS Frameworks
CSS Framework is necessary if you are planning to be a professional developer.
There are so many options available.
❍ Tailwind CSS
❍ Bootstrap
❍ Chakra
❍ Bulma
❍ Foundation
❍ Skeleton
❍ Pure CSS
Start with anything. You can switch any time.
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6 beginner friendly websites that will boost your HTML and CSS learning process 🚀
🧵👇🏻
1️⃣ Learn HTML
- The easiest way to learn HTML & CSS. Learn HTML provides an interactive tutorial that explains how to build HTML & CSS websites step by step.
🔗 https://t.co/W1XytKL1MI
2️⃣ HTML best practice
- A very well written document on HTML best practice
🔗 https://t.co/6PTcY1U5Cw
3️⃣ Learn to Code HTML & CSS
- Learn to Code HTML & CSS is a simple and comprehensive guide dedicated to helping beginners learn HTML and CSS
🔗 https://t.co/LwY9E2qUNS
4️⃣ Hex Invaders
- Hex Invaders is a fun way to learn and understand what hex codes are and how they work
🔗 https://t.co/EpQyhlN7pv
🧵👇🏻
1️⃣ Learn HTML
- The easiest way to learn HTML & CSS. Learn HTML provides an interactive tutorial that explains how to build HTML & CSS websites step by step.
🔗 https://t.co/W1XytKL1MI
2️⃣ HTML best practice
- A very well written document on HTML best practice
🔗 https://t.co/6PTcY1U5Cw
3️⃣ Learn to Code HTML & CSS
- Learn to Code HTML & CSS is a simple and comprehensive guide dedicated to helping beginners learn HTML and CSS
🔗 https://t.co/LwY9E2qUNS
4️⃣ Hex Invaders
- Hex Invaders is a fun way to learn and understand what hex codes are and how they work
🔗 https://t.co/EpQyhlN7pv
Five great icons websites for every web developer and designer ⏺️
A Thread 🧵👇🏻
1️⃣ Icons 8
- Icons8 is just more than icons. You can download illustrations, vector images, music and much more
🖇️ https://t.co/inHse0QXBh
2️⃣ Icon Monstr
- Black and white themed minimal icons which looks super great. You can also cuatomize the thickness
🖇️ https://t.co/dbQrJi0IHf
3️⃣ Icon Icons
- Over one thousand free icons which you can download as icons or images
🖇️ https://t.co/h5NlH5fGGr
4️⃣ Icons finder
Filter through the world’s largest marketplace for icons with flexibility and ease. Made up by submissions from top designers around the world, and curated by the team
🖇️ https://t.co/sqiZ6H9sR7
A Thread 🧵👇🏻
1️⃣ Icons 8
- Icons8 is just more than icons. You can download illustrations, vector images, music and much more
🖇️ https://t.co/inHse0QXBh
2️⃣ Icon Monstr
- Black and white themed minimal icons which looks super great. You can also cuatomize the thickness
🖇️ https://t.co/dbQrJi0IHf
3️⃣ Icon Icons
- Over one thousand free icons which you can download as icons or images
🖇️ https://t.co/h5NlH5fGGr
4️⃣ Icons finder
Filter through the world’s largest marketplace for icons with flexibility and ease. Made up by submissions from top designers around the world, and curated by the team
🖇️ https://t.co/sqiZ6H9sR7
5 great gradient background sites for every web developer and designer 🎨
🧵👇🏻
1️⃣ uiGradients
- A handpicked collection of beautiful color gradients for designers and developers.
🔗 https://t.co/EainhiePop
2️⃣ Eggradient
- Ready to use gradient background colors. ✓ Cool Gradients are prepared according to the latest design trends
🔗 https://t.co/F0uYVsZbA4
3️⃣ Mesh Gradients
- Create beautiful gradient like aurora UI in few clicks
🔗 https://t.co/MV8PT7q3Kz
4️⃣ CSS Gradient
- Create beatiful gradeint either linear or radial on different angles
🔗 https://t.co/dlCExilHAT
🧵👇🏻
1️⃣ uiGradients
- A handpicked collection of beautiful color gradients for designers and developers.
🔗 https://t.co/EainhiePop
2️⃣ Eggradient
- Ready to use gradient background colors. ✓ Cool Gradients are prepared according to the latest design trends
🔗 https://t.co/F0uYVsZbA4
3️⃣ Mesh Gradients
- Create beautiful gradient like aurora UI in few clicks
🔗 https://t.co/MV8PT7q3Kz
4️⃣ CSS Gradient
- Create beatiful gradeint either linear or radial on different angles
🔗 https://t.co/dlCExilHAT
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I just finished Eric Adler's The Battle of the Classics, and wanted to say something about Joel Christiansen's review linked below. I am not sure what motivates the review (I speculate a bit below), but it gives a very misleading impression of the book. 1/x
The meat of the criticism is that the history Adler gives is insufficiently critical. Adler describes a few figures who had a great influence on how the modern US university was formed. It's certainly critical: it focuses on the social Darwinism of these figures. 2/x
Other insinuations and suggestions in the review seem wildly off the mark, distorted, or inappropriate-- for example, that the book is clickbaity (it is scholarly) or conservative (hardly) or connected to the events at the Capitol (give me a break). 3/x
The core question: in what sense is classics inherently racist? Classics is old. On Adler's account, it begins in ancient Rome and is revived in the Renaissance. Slavery (Christiansen's primary concern) is also very old. Let's say classics is an education for slaveowners. 4/x
It's worth remembering that literacy itself is elite throughout most of this history. Literacy is, then, also the education of slaveowners. We can honor oral and musical traditions without denying that literacy is, generally, good. 5/x
As someone\u2019s who\u2019s read the book, this review strikes me as tremendously unfair. It mostly faults Adler for not writing the book the reviewer wishes he had! https://t.co/pqpt5Ziivj
— Teresa M. Bejan (@tmbejan) January 12, 2021
The meat of the criticism is that the history Adler gives is insufficiently critical. Adler describes a few figures who had a great influence on how the modern US university was formed. It's certainly critical: it focuses on the social Darwinism of these figures. 2/x
Other insinuations and suggestions in the review seem wildly off the mark, distorted, or inappropriate-- for example, that the book is clickbaity (it is scholarly) or conservative (hardly) or connected to the events at the Capitol (give me a break). 3/x
The core question: in what sense is classics inherently racist? Classics is old. On Adler's account, it begins in ancient Rome and is revived in the Renaissance. Slavery (Christiansen's primary concern) is also very old. Let's say classics is an education for slaveowners. 4/x
It's worth remembering that literacy itself is elite throughout most of this history. Literacy is, then, also the education of slaveowners. We can honor oral and musical traditions without denying that literacy is, generally, good. 5/x
![Peter McCormack [Jan/3\u279e\u20bf \U0001f511\u220e]](https://pbs.twimg.com/profile_images/1524287442307723265/_59ITDbJ_normal.jpg)