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Here are 20 of my best threads from 2020 covering personal finance, entrepreneurship, economics & finance, investment banking ++ useful resources.

Massively grateful to everyone who took time out to read, comment & share these across the year. I really appreciate you.

[Thread]

 1. Breaking-in – study notes, free textbooks & past papers
https://t.co/vC2kAXeRWI
2. Breaking-in – the job connector thread
https://t.co/m1e6AX7ydJ
3. Breaking-in – book smart vs. street smart
https://t.co/SqeNkOQkMo
4. Personal Finance – MEGA Property Thread
https://t.co/pT1y4PfXPt
5. Personal Finance – Good time to buy a house?
https://t.co/rWAhV1hYeU
6. Personal finance – property stockvels
https://t.co/N4xSWIUZ8M
7. Personal Finance – Crowd1
https://t.co/AUbUv9D9H5
8. Entrepreneurship –Raising Capital
https://t.co/v81clU04xX
9. Entrepreneurship – Surviving corporate
https://t.co/fOv45afkQQ
10. Entrepreneurship – Privilege of capital
https://t.co/MbCsT8A4Pe
11. Entrepreneurship – networking
https://t.co/IU95NkxhIr
12. Economics & Finance – Oil Prices
https://t.co/fmVvK6J7a6
13. Economics & Finance – Fiscal stimulus
https://t.co/GqF5ajrruP
14. Economics & Finance – Net worth
https://t.co/obl2o1wewU
15. Investment banking – casual dining deals
https://t.co/AwLVJc967E
16. Investment banking – Kylie cosmetic deal
https://t.co/wyS9IyZHiS
17. Investment banking – IPOs
https://t.co/eZkeHS9lTx
18. Investment banking – Kanye, Yeezy deal
https://t.co/ELxXp9fHQg
19. Investment Banking – OnlyFans
https://t.co/BIza8YK215
20. Investment banking – Hertz deal
https://t.co/QXxDMaMRpQ
BONUS THREADS: The BankerX Mega Resource Thread
https://t.co/Hqvp941J4M
Shout-out for making to the end!

For more threads, resources & useful links - feel free to join our Telegram channel at https://t.co/v3uNq6IvBk

You can also check out @Banker__X & https://t.co/XU09rc61BD.

More from Koshiek Karan

Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
Running a small company or need cash for your side hustle? Here's the ultimate capital raising guide [Thread]

Ways to raise capital:

1. Bootstrapping
2. Bank Debt
3. Working Capital/ Revolving Facilities
4. Angle Investors
5. Venture Capital
6. Private Equity
7. Crowdfunding
8. Government Agencies
9. Get a Business Partner
10. Funding competitions

1. Bootstrapping

The cheapest way of funding. Build the company with savings & family contributions. Privilege is a massive factor in getting off the ground.

Jeff Bezos' parents ploughed $245k into his e-commerce startup. Bill Gates' parents funded his founding company.

2. Bank Debt

Banks take credit risk which means they're often fucking conservative. They will focus on your ability to repay the debt & pricing depends on the probability of you defaulting*

*Pro-tip: don't use bank funding to frequent strip clubs, use shareholder money instead

3. Drawdown facilities

Probably the most underused, useful type of funding. You can borrow against the assets of your company for really cheap. Most companies have short-term liquidity issues

I have worked on deals where these type of facilities were used to buy small companies
ALL
Don Petty Cash
Don Petty Cash
@iamkoshiek
Contemplating quitting your corporate job to become your own boss? [Thread]

Money

Making money is much easier when you have money. More importantly, having dry powder buys you time.

Starting with anything less than 6 months salary can be suicide. Bonus if you can get to a year saved up.

Flicking the switch on monetizing a new business isn't instant.

The fine print

Scrape through your employment contract to check for non-compete clauses, lock-in periods for approaching competitors, policy on recruiting existing employees.

Check what the notice period is, number of leave days you have to cash & how to transfer your pension.

IP

NEVER work on your personal business using a company device. Also resist the urge to send that sexy excel model to your personal email. Imagine chilling in Pollsmoor for a workbook.

Many companies run a check when you resign to check what you recently emailed & printed.

Skills

Level up as much as you can. Make a detailed checklist of everything you want to master before you bounce. Ideal skills are versatile, resilient and future-proof.

The more advanced your skills, the better your chances of someone paying you for those abilities.
ALL
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Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
Bonds explained in 90 seconds! [Thread]

Wait, what's a bond?

Very simply, it's a loan.

Instead of borrowing money from a bank, a company (or government) will borrow from investors. So investors will give the company money & in exchange they get paid interest (called coupons)

Fancy term for the IOU is "bond issuance"


I'm an investor, how do the mechanics work?

Company sells you a bond for $100 and promises you 5% every year for 3 years. They also pay you $100 at the end.

Yr 1: $5
Yr 2: $5
Yr 3: $5 + $100

That's $115 (or a 15% return) after 3 years. Right?

The real return is closer to 10%


Why are my returns so much lower?

$100 today is worth more than $100 in 3 years from now - yes, inflation!

Even at a modest 1.5% inflation each year, the $100 you give up today is worth less than $96 in 3 years from now.

ILBs (inflation linked bonds) try & help solve this.


How come bonds are always quoted in yields (%s) instead of actual prices like shares?

Bonds have different maturities* & coupons - quoting a percentage makes it easy to compare different bonds & compare against other assets.

*Maturity = time to get paid back (3yrs in example)
BONDS
Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
Step by step guide on how to buy/ sell tweets

You're essentially minting a tweet, creating a NFT, transacting on the blockchain & settling payment in ETH


NFT is a non-fungible token

Fancy term for a digital certificate for intellectual property. Think of it like an autograph. Someone pays for your autograph and keeps it as an investment.

Your autograph (NFT) here is a digital certificate of your tweet.

What info is on the digital certificate?

The tweet remains on Twitter under your account. The digital certificate contains metadata of the original tweet.

Metadata = when you posted the tweeted, the time, contents, your digital signature from your crypto wallet

Here's the steps:

1. Verification & Tweet Listing
Login to https://t.co/2UhT8QJTFQ so Twitter can verify which tweets are yours

2. Set up crypto wallet
Add the metamask extension to your browser to interact with cryptocurrency https://t.co/59kxXX5JUt

3. Review & accept offers
TRADING TWEETS
Koshiek Karan
Koshiek Karan
@iamkoshiek
You're about to invest in the next biggest company to list on the stock exchange. You dream of a luxury island & a private jet - but you end up eating canned food instead.

Here's a guide to the insider secrets of IPOs [Thread]

Hold on, what is an IPO? Indian Police Officer?

No, it's an Initial Public Offering

It's when a private company issues stock to the public to raise capital. Facebook, Airbnb & Apple are IPO companies

It's not just US companies. I worked on IPOs in London, Johannesburg & Lagos

"The Roadshow/ Marketing"

The IPO process can be long!

The company hires a few investment banks to go out & sell the story to investors. Think of it as a series of dates. Do you tell her you leave towels on the floor on the first date? No.

Investment banks sell the highlights

Pro-tip: NEVER invest into a company purely off the company roadshow materials. Having spent hours curating these docs - the wording is ALWAYS massaged.

Your go-to is the prospectus - the Bible for an IPO

Here's the Airbnb prospectus - check it

What should I be looking for in the prospectus?

Just like your cheating ex - don't focus on what he's saying, focus on what isn't being said.

- Forecasts: always take these with a pinch of salt
- Key risks: dry but important
- Why we need the money: MOST IMPORTANT!
TRADING

More from Twitter

Jelle van der Kooij
Jelle van der Kooij
@Jelle_vdKooij
How I grew @prov_pizza 3650% over the last month.

This is me trying to build in public like @thisiskp_ and being transparent like @jackbutcher.

A visual thread. 👇🍕


1/ The secret towards getting these gains? Start from zero.

The stats after 4 weeks:

0 —> 77.4K Impressions
0 —> 6,130 Profile visits
0 —> 490 Likes
2 —> 73 Followers, sorry for the bait ;)

Here are some of my key learnings. 👇

2/ @jamierusso taught me to remix the content of others.

With only 9 followers I added some pizza sauce to Jamie’s content.

It got me over 4K impressions on a single tweet.


3/ The key to a good remix: add value.

With @prov_pizza I tried to add:

- Another perspective.
- Humor.
- Pizza. This usually does the trick ;

4/ Remixes were a pitfall too.

I was tempted to remix anything from anyone I found interesting, because it seemed to work.

@foundbryan taught me to stick to my niche.
TWITTER
Cory Doctorow #BLM
Cory Doctorow #BLM
@doctorow
Today's Twitter threads (a Twitter thread).

Inside: Dependency Confusion; Adam Curtis on criti-hype; Catalytic converter theft; Apple puts North Dakota on blast; and more!

Archived at: https://t.co/Osts9lAjPo

#Pluralistic

1/


This weekend, I'll be participating in Boskone 58, Boston's annual sf convention, where I'm doing panels and a reading.

https://t.co/2LfFssVcZQ

2/


Dependency Confusion: A completely wild supply-chain hack.

https://t.co/TDRNHUX0Ug

3/


Adam Curtis on criti-hype: Big Tech as an epiphenomenon of sociopathic mediocrity, not supergenius.

https://t.co/MYmHOosTk3

4/


Catalytic converter theft: Rhodium at $21,900/oz.

https://t.co/SDMAXrQwdd

5/
TWITTER
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ben.
ben.
@benreynolds92
With all that's going on in the world, I wanted to introduce you all to the best thread on Twitter.

If you haven't heard of 'Eastbourne' and the old people that live in our town, get ready.

First up, it's the time when it kicked off between Edith and Dorothy.
#EastbourneEcho
TWITTER
Will Wilkinson \U0001f310
Will Wilkinson 🌐...
@willwilkinson
This is why I'm not a critic of "cancel culture." It's crucial to impose social costs for the breech of key social norms. The lesson of overreaction is that we need to recalibrate judgment to get it right next time, not that we need a lot more bad judgment in the other direction.


Obviously, people will disagree about which norms are important, about how bad it is to violate them, and thus about how severe the social cost ought to be. That's just pluralism, man, and it's good.

It's important to openly talk through these substantive differences, which is why derailing these conversations with hand-waving moral panic about "cancel culture" is obnoxious and illiberal.

Screaming "cancel culture!" when somebody pays a social costs other people have been fighting hard to get others to see as necessary is often just a way to declare, with no argument, that the sanction in question was not only unnecessary but in breach of a more important norm.

It's impossible to uphold social norms without social sanctions, so obviously anti-cancelers are going to want to impose a social cost on people they see as imposing unjustly steep social costs on others.
TWITTER
@amuse
@amuse
@amuse
THREAT THREAD: Today @United Airlines shared the travel itinerary of Senator @tedcruz with members of the media and as a result, the public at large. His flight information is being included in tweets to/from mainstream media including @CNN and @Acosta.
TWITTER

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Jaya_Upadhyaya
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BANASHANKARI AMMA, NEAR BADAMI (KAR)
#bharatmandir #navratri2021

Originally built by Chalukyas in 7th century. Devi Banashankari was their family deity. This image of Banashankari Amma was installed by Jagadekamalla I in 630 AD.

Later renovations were done by Marathas.


Once, a demon Durgamasur was troubling the people of this area. Answering the prayers of Devas, Ma Parvati emerged from the yajna fire as Banashankari and killed Durgamasur.
This area has rich forests of coconut, betel nut and other trees.
@GunduHuDuGa


It is said that during a severe famine, Devi provided vegetables and fruits to the people of this area.
Hence, she is also worshipped here as Shakambhari.
In the annual festival called Banashankari jatre, a Rath yatra takes place and Devi moves around the city in the chariot.
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Tinker ❎
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Singing the Blues:
Taking Down an Insider Threat

"I had all of the advantages. I was already inside the network. No one suspected me. But they found my hack, kicked me off the network...

...and physically hunted me down."


Many pentests start from the outside, wanting to see how the perimeter might be breached.

This pentest started from the inside. My client wanted to assume they had already been breached, and, if breached, how far could an attacker go.

Could they stop me once I was inside?

So they snuck me in. Disguised me as a new employee. Gave me a work computer, an ID badge, an account in their system... hell, I even had a cubicle w/my assumed name on it.

The only person who knew who I really was was their CISO. Everyone else thought I was Jeremy in Marketing.

During most of the first morning, I completed onboarding, made introductions, and completed menial tasks.

But I had to act quick. I only had a week onsite. I had to hack their network while not raising suspicion.

So I set about it.

You have to understand... most "Internal Pentests" are straight forward. The hard part is breaching the network, but once you're inside, it's a target rich environment. End of Life computers, default passwords, everyone a Local Administrator...
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Jaya_Upadhyaya
Jaya_Upadhyaya
@Jayalko1
SRI LALITHAMBIGAI, THIRUMEYACHUR (TN)
#bharatmandir #navratri2021

Kshetram where Shiva is worshipped as Meghanatha and his consort is Lalithambigai seen in Abhay mudra.
Once, a demon Pandasura was harassing the Devas who went to Devi Parashakti for protection. 
@GunduHuDuGa


Devi rose from a Yaga Gunda, mounted on the Sri Chakra Rath with the name Lalithambika, waged a war against Pandasura and destroyed him.  When her fury did not subside, Shiva asked her to go to Earth, assume the name Manonmani, perform penance and shed her fury.


Shiva blessed Devi to be Shanta nayagi. There is a sculpture here depicting Shiva pacifying Devi. If you observe closely, you can see that from your left hand side there will be a smile on Her face and if you see from your right hand side you can see anger in Her face.


Hayagriva taught the greatness of Lalitha Sahasranama to Rishi Agasthya. Pleased with his devotion, Ma Lalithambikai appeared before Agastya. He is believed to have then sung Lalita Navaratnamala in praise of Devi. He has also composed a hymn named Rahasyanamasahasram.
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sriram
sriram
@SriramKannan77
'Treasure Gods' - Sangha Nidhi' and 'Padma Nidhi', Tirumala, Tirupati.

------------------------------------

These are the two guards guarding the Wealth and Treasure of Lord Sri Venkateswara.

They are representatives of two treasures of Kubera, the God of Wealth.


One guard who is holding shangam (conch) on both the hands is known as Shanka Nidhi ('nidhi' means wealth).

On the other side, the guard who is holding Lotus flowers on both the hands is known as Padma nidhi.

Shangu is from the ocean which includes all types of wealth like pearls and corals.

Why shagam in his hand? Because shangam only gives the sound of 'omkaram'.

'Padmam' is the symbol of water sources in land like river, lakes, tanks etc. which is very important for all living beings.

As per the tradition, these guards are installed at the third entrance of the temple.

One enters the holy shrine after saluting the first protection threshold - Sankha Nidhi and Padma Nidhi.
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Elon Musk’s Meme 🅱️ot...
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Thats a gg, Satan
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