New preprint, “Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions for Suicide Prevention: Promise, Challenges, and Future Directions” with @walthdempsey, Evan Kleiman, @drkatebentley, @SusanMurphylab1, and @mk_nock! https://t.co/QeMh22Dvu9

First we highlight three hindrances to treatment efficacy for suicidal thoughts and behaviors:
-Frequency
-Accessibility
-Content
Most existing interventions are infrequent, not accessible when most needed, and not systematically tailored to the person using their own data.
Just-In-Time Adaptive Interventions (JITAIs) are a potential solution to these hindrances to treatment efficacy. JITAIs are designed to provide the right type of support at the right time by adapting to changes in internal states and external contexts (https://t.co/7OGzELv8HL).
Components of JITAIs include:
-Decision points
-Intervention options
-Tailoring variables
-Decision rules
-Proximal outcomes
-Distal outcomes
Image from (https://t.co/7OGzELv8HL)
We provide an example of a JITAI and Micro-randomized Trial (https://t.co/dbQIWHO0dU) for suicide prevention. This intervention would specifically be targeting social support based on our previous work (https://t.co/e53j9VVE1u).
We review three challenges for JITAIs for suicide prevention:
-Measurement of real-time suicide risk
-Balancing risk and receptivity
-Ethics of real-time interventions
We highlight three future directions for JITAIs for suicide prevention:
-Identifying states of risk and receptivity
-Matching mechanisms and interventions
-Integrating into clinical care
JITAIs for suicide prevention hold immense potential to increase access to care and reduce suffering. The potential of JITAIs is reflected in its ability to match the nature of suicide risk. The journey towards realizing the potential of JITAIs, however, remains challenging.
Thank you to all the brilliant collaborators and co-authors on this paper! A special thank you to @walthdempsey, who since I showed up in his office as a first year graduate student has been incredibly kind and patient in teaching me about statistics and mobile health.

More from Society

global health policy in 2020 has centered around NPI's (non-pharmaceutical interventions) like distancing, masks, school closures

these have been sold as a way to stop infection as though this were science.

this was never true and that fact was known and knowable.

let's look.


above is the plot of social restriction and NPI vs total death per million. there is 0 R2. this means that the variables play no role in explaining one another.

we can see this same relationship between NPI and all cause deaths.

this is devastating to the case for NPI.


clearly, correlation is not proof of causality, but a total lack of correlation IS proof that there was no material causality.

barring massive and implausible coincidence, it's essentially impossible to cause something and not correlate to it, especially 51 times.

this would seem to pose some very serious questions for those claiming that lockdowns work, those basing policy upon them, and those claiming this is the side of science.

there is no science here nor any data. this is the febrile imaginings of discredited modelers.

this has been clear and obvious from all over the world since the beginning and had been proven so clearly by may that it's hard to imagine anyone who is actually conversant with the data still believing in these responses.

everyone got the same R
Brief thread to debunk the repeated claims we hear about transmission not happening 'within school walls', infection in school children being 'a reflection of infection from the community', and 'primary school children less likely to get infected and contribute to transmission'.

I've heard a lot of scientists claim these three - including most recently the chief advisor to the CDC, where the claim that most transmission doesn't happen within the walls of schools. There is strong evidence to rebut this claim. Let's look at


Let's look at the trends of infection in different age groups in England first- as reported by the ONS. Being a random survey of infection in the community, this doesn't suffer from the biases of symptom-based testing, particularly important in children who are often asymptomatic

A few things to note:
1. The infection rates among primary & secondary school children closely follow school openings, closures & levels of attendance. E.g. We see a dip in infections following Oct half-term, followed by a rise after school reopening.


We see steep drops in both primary & secondary school groups after end of term (18th December), but these drops plateau out in primary school children, where attendance has been >20% after re-opening in January (by contrast with 2ndary schools where this is ~5%).

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The first ever world map was sketched thousands of years ago by Indian saint
“Ramanujacharya” who simply translated the following verse from Mahabharat and gave the world its real face

In Mahabharat,it is described how 'Maharishi Ved Vyasa' gave away his divine vision to Sanjay


Dhritarashtra's charioteer so that he could describe him the events of the upcoming war.

But, even before questions of war could begin, Dhritarashtra asked him to describe how the world looks like from space.

This is how he described the face of the world:

सुदर्शनं प्रवक्ष्यामि द्वीपं तु कुरुनन्दन। परिमण्डलो महाराज द्वीपोऽसौ चक्रसंस्थितः॥
यथा हि पुरुषः पश्येदादर्शे मुखमात्मनः। एवं सुदर्शनद्वीपो दृश्यते चन्द्रमण्डले॥ द्विरंशे पिप्पलस्तत्र द्विरंशे च शशो महान्।

—वेद व्यास, भीष्म पर्व, महाभारत


Meaning:-

हे कुरुनन्दन ! सुदर्शन नामक यह द्वीप चक्र की भाँति गोलाकार स्थित है, जैसे पुरुष दर्पण में अपना मुख देखता है, उसी प्रकार यह द्वीप चन्द्रमण्डल में दिखायी देता है। इसके दो अंशो मे पीपल और दो अंशो मे विशाल शश (खरगोश) दिखायी देता है।


Meaning: "Just like a man sees his face in the mirror, so does the Earth appears in the Universe. In the first part you see leaves of the Peepal Tree, and in the next part you see a Rabbit."

Based on this shloka, Saint Ramanujacharya sketched out the map, but the world laughed
https://t.co/6cRR2B3jBE
Viruses and other pathogens are often studied as stand-alone entities, despite that, in nature, they mostly live in multispecies associations called biofilms—both externally and within the host.

https://t.co/FBfXhUrH5d


Microorganisms in biofilms are enclosed by an extracellular matrix that confers protection and improves survival. Previous studies have shown that viruses can secondarily colonize preexisting biofilms, and viral biofilms have also been described.


...we raise the perspective that CoVs can persistently infect bats due to their association with biofilm structures. This phenomenon potentially provides an optimal environment for nonpathogenic & well-adapted viruses to interact with the host, as well as for viral recombination.


Biofilms can also enhance virion viability in extracellular environments, such as on fomites and in aquatic sediments, allowing viral persistence and dissemination.