Controversial 3D. Probably none of you knows about Leber congenital amaurosis type 10, congenital blindness that affects 3 out of 100,000 children, condemning them to blindness for life. The only possible treatment is through gene therapy. 1/n

Thanks to Crispr-CAS9 technology we MODIFY the defective gene inside the patient eye ( they directly inject the treatment into the eye). Before CRISPR the treatment was based on Adenovirus carrying the correct form of the gene 2/n
https://t.co/RbqZKkUIjx
In both cases, we MODIFY the patient DNA and that's the only way (today) to treat this disease. LCA10 is not the only genetic disease affecting kids unfortunately the list is long and the variety of diseases is terrifying. 3/n
https://t.co/iO2jqcIxU0
Now think about a parent with a kid with a genetic disease, he/she would try and do anything to save him/her. ANYTHING and they would take some RISKS, gene therapy was a risk at the beginning, and any new experimental treatment shares a percentage of risk. 4/n
Now we come to #COVID19 and #vaccines. The new RNA vaccines are a HUGE scientific breakthrough, that may open new amazing therapeutic paths. And like ANY other human activity share a risk. 4/n

https://t.co/mG9lQoNCXI
FDA and EMA already cleared that risk to a very small percentage, probably lower than a normal drug. But there is a risk, and why should we take that risk? Because on the other hand, we have Covid19. A disease that killed 2 million people. 5/n
Covid19 can severely damage our body and it can cause long term damages (#LongCovid). 6/n

https://t.co/gnczyUWw9i
People against the RNA vaccine (or vaccine in general) don't want to take a small risk ( FDA and EMA agree that is reasonably low) because they don't see the risk/reward ratio and you why? because they are SELFISH. 7/n
https://t.co/nYLR1Sq2BW
Covid19 has a relatively low lethality that's why people are not scared, that's why people complain about social distancing, lockdown and wearing a mask because they are not directly affected. If it doesn't touch me, why should I be worried? that's so sad and miserable. 8/n
We need lockdown, social distancing, mask and vaccines to PROTECT the weak, the elderly, the immunocompromised. And why we do that? because we are human beings and we are better than wild animals.
So take a small risk to protect the others and stop complaining. 9/n
And maybe spend some times speaking with families hit by covid, speak to a person who has lost a parent, maybe you will realize that you are not the only one. We are one species and we help each other.
#WearADamnMask #vaccinoCovid 10/10
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More from Health

1/15
Why can cefepime cause neurological toxicity?

And why is renal failure the main risk factor for this complication?

The answer requires us to learn about cefepime's structure and why it unexpectedly binds to a certain CNS receptor.

#MedTwitter #Tweetorial


2/
Let's establish a few facts about cefepime:

🔺4th generation cephalosporin antibiotic
🔺Excretion = exclusively in the urine (mostly as unchanged drug)
🔺Readily crosses the blood-brain barrier (so it easily accesses the brain)

https://t.co/rjYG1BfGPR


3/
The first report of cefepime neurotoxicity was in 1999.

A patient w/ renal failure received high doses of cefepime and then developed encephalopathy, tremors, myoclonic jerks, and tonic-clonic seizures.

✅All symptoms resolved after hemodialysis.

https://t.co/u7JLVitQpp


4/
Cefepime neurotoxicity is surprisingly common, occurring in up to 15% of treated critically ill patients (w/ symptoms varying from encephalopathy to seizures).

💡The main risk factors = renal failure and lack of dose adjustment for renal function.

https://t.co/nxbnzSq8AR


5/
What about cefepime induces neurotoxicity?

One clue is that it's not the only antibiotic that causes neurotoxicity, particularly seizures.

This actually is a class effect w/ other beta-lactam antibiotics (including penicillins and carbapenems).

https://t.co/Lf4BhON9IY

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So the cryptocurrency industry has basically two products, one which is relatively benign and doesn't have product market fit, and one which is malignant and does. The industry has a weird superposition of understanding this fact and (strategically?) not understanding it.


The benign product is sovereign programmable money, which is historically a niche interest of folks with a relatively clustered set of beliefs about the state, the literary merit of Snow Crash, and the utility of gold to the modern economy.

This product has narrow appeal and, accordingly, is worth about as much as everything else on a 486 sitting in someone's basement is worth.

The other product is investment scams, which have approximately the best product market fit of anything produced by humans. In no age, in no country, in no city, at no level of sophistication do people consistently say "Actually I would prefer not to get money for nothing."

This product needs the exchanges like they need oxygen, because the value of it is directly tied to having payment rails to move real currency into the ecosystem and some jurisdictional and regulatory legerdemain to stay one step ahead of the banhammer.