Great session by @MarcJBrooker earlier on building technology standards at Amazon scale, and some interesting tidbits about the secret sauce behind Lambda and how they make technology choices - e.g. in whether to use Rust for the stateful load balancer v2 for Lambda.

🧵

Nice shout out to some of the benefits of Rust - no GC (good for p99+ percentile latency), memory safety with its ownership system https://t.co/2ShIC786S5 great support for multi-threading (which still works with the ownership system)
And why not to use Rust.

The interesting Q is how to balance technical strengths vs weaknesses that are more organizational.
And it all boils down to this..

which is basically the same question that organizations all over the world have to answer when they consider adopting #serverless technologies like Lambda.
And I love Marc's answer - to innovate (ie. try new things) with guard rails that mitigate the risks.

As a consultant, I often find myself being one of those guard rails for organizations that want to adopt #Serverless

(nice plug, self hi-five! ✋)
Ha, I have heard @heitor_lessa mention "tenets" many times.

This line about avoiding baking language-specific choices into your contract and data is so important. It gives you an easier path to back out of that language choice if it turns out to be wrong.
Which, actually reminds me of what Bezos said in this article about the 2 types of decisions - one-way (aka, "no coming back from this decision!") and two-way doors.

https://t.co/qBh6wgGuz1
"Baking these tensions into tenets and making it really obvious to everyone means we're upfront about the conversation that we're really having"

👍👍👍
Standards: top-down decision, comes with risk (e.g. limits upside - losing ideas that are better than what's baked into the standards)

"We use standards very sparingly, only in areas where we deeply understand the context and innovation has little upside"
"It all starts with the right incentives"

This, so much this👆

Why? because incentives drive outcomes.
And then there's ownership - because people making these decisions are on the hook for its long term success.

That's why the ivory tower architect is such a bad model - they make all the decisions but you're on the hook for it.
Yup, 100% agree here. A leader's job is to provide the necessary context so that others can make the best decisions they can. A leader's job is NOT to make all the decisions for others.
And then Marc describes his job as enabling end-to-end understanding of the business and technology and getting teams talking to each other so they can make the best decisions without those technical standards.
So did they end up using Rust?

Yes!
"When you try new things and they turn out to be successful, then you double down on those. And take the learnings of what's great and make sure you can multiply that"

And that's how many organizations has adopted #serverless successfully, starting with one success story.
And that's also been the story of the adoption of Rust at AWS. Both Firecracker and BottleRocket are built with Rust.
And great to see they're investing into the community itself, doubling down both internally and externally.

Love to see more details on how formal methods is applied here.
btw, AWS uses formal methods all over the place, I hear that TLA+ is widely used by its service teams. Someone told me that they used it to find a bug in DynamoDB during design that would have resulted in data loss in extremely rare cases.

https://t.co/6p5MfXCyfR
"Building technology standards is a short-term thing that limits a company's creativity. Setting up incentives and helping people understand the decisions they're making and giving them full ownership of those decisions is the way I like to think about tech standards."
Well, that was great!

Make sure to catch this on a replay or when it becomes available on-demand.

More from Education

Chicago Public Schools are supposed to open for some special needs and pre-K students Monday

The Chicago Teachers Union is now threatening to refuse to return to work in person.

https://t.co/MgDgNe6REj


Meanwhile
https://t.co/FIij8J3r7z

Dr. Fauci: "The default position should be to try as best as possible within reason to keep the children in school or to get them back to school [...] if you look at the data the spread among children and from children is not really big at


UNICEF: "Data from 191 countries shows no consistent link between reopening schools and increased rates of coronavirus
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Remember that your application packet (all supporting documents) is what is being looked at while you are being considered for admission and funding. A lot of schools read LoRs very carefully so ensure you get strong letters.

Read my notes on LoRs:
The outrage is not that she fit better. The outrage is that she stated very firmly on national television with no caveat, that there are no conditions not improved by exercise. Many people with viral sequelae have been saying for years that exercise has made them more disabled 1/


And the new draft NICE guidelines for ME/CFS which often has a viral onset specifically say that ME/CFS patients shouldn't do graded exercise. Clare is fully aware of this but still made a sweeping and very firm statement that all conditions are improved by exercise. This 2/

was an active dismissal of the lived experience of hundreds of thousands of patients with viral sequelae. Yes, exercise does help so many conditions. Yes, a very small number of people with an ME/CFS diagnosis are helped by exercise. But the vast majority of people with ME, a 3/

a quintessential post-viral condition, are made worse by exercise. Many have been left wheelchair dependent of bedbound by graded exercise therapy when they could walk before. To dismiss the lived experience of these patients with such a sweeping statement is unethical and 4/

unsafe. Clare has every right to her lived experience. But she can't, and you can't justifiably speak out on favour of listening to lived experience but cherry pick the lived experiences you are going to listen to. Why are the lived experiences of most people with ME dismissed?

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THE MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE AND HISTORY OF SWASTIK

The Swastik is a geometrical figure and an ancient religious icon. Swastik has been Sanatan Dharma’s symbol of auspiciousness – mangalya since time immemorial.


The name swastika comes from Sanskrit (Devanagari: स्वस्तिक, pronounced: swastik) &denotes “conducive to wellbeing or auspicious”.
The word Swastik has a definite etymological origin in Sanskrit. It is derived from the roots su – meaning “well or auspicious” & as meaning “being”.


"सु अस्ति येन तत स्वस्तिकं"
Swastik is de symbol through which everything auspicios occurs

Scholars believe word’s origin in Vedas,known as Swasti mantra;

"🕉स्वस्ति ना इन्द्रो वृधश्रवाहा
स्वस्ति ना पूषा विश्ववेदाहा
स्वस्तिनास्तरक्ष्यो अरिश्तनेमिही
स्वस्तिनो बृहस्पतिर्दधातु"


It translates to," O famed Indra, redeem us. O Pusha, the beholder of all knowledge, redeem us. Redeem us O Garudji, of limitless speed and O Bruhaspati, redeem us".

SWASTIK’s COSMIC ORIGIN

The Swastika represents the living creation in the whole Cosmos.


Hindu astronomers divide the ecliptic circle of cosmos in 27 divisions called
https://t.co/sLeuV1R2eQ this manner a cross forms in 4 directions in the celestial sky. At centre of this cross is Dhruva(Polestar). In a line from Dhruva, the stars known as Saptarishi can be observed.
कुंडली में 12 भाव होते हैं। कैसे ज्योतिष द्वारा रोग के आंकलन करते समय कुंडली के विभिन्न भावों से गणना करते हैं आज इस पर चर्चा करेंगे।
कुण्डली को कालपुरुष की संज्ञा देकर इसमें शरीर के अंगों को स्थापित कर उनसे रोग, रोगेश, रोग को बढ़ाने घटाने वाले ग्रह


रोग की स्थिति में उत्प्रेरक का कार्य करने वाले ग्रह, आयुर्वेदिक/ऐलोपैथी/होमियोपैथी में से कौन कारगर होगा इसका आँकलन, रक्त विकार, रक्त और आपरेशन की स्थिति, कौन सा आंतरिक या बाहरी अंग प्रभावित होगा इत्यादि गणना करने में कुंडली का प्रयोग किया जाता है।


मेडिकल ज्योतिष में आज के समय में Dr. K. S. Charak का नाम निर्विवाद रूप से प्रथम स्थान रखता है। उनकी लिखी कई पुस्तकें आज इस क्षेत्र में नए ज्योतिषों का मार्गदर्शन कर रही हैं।
प्रथम भाव -
इस भाव से हम व्यक्ति की रोगप्रतिरोधक क्षमता, सिर, मष्तिस्क का विचार करते हैं।


द्वितीय भाव-
दाहिना नेत्र, मुख, वाणी, नाक, गर्दन व गले के ऊपरी भाग का विचार होता है।
तृतीय भाव-
अस्थि, गला,कान, हाथ, कंधे व छाती के आंतरिक अंगों का शुरुआती भाग इत्यादि।

चतुर्थ भाव- छाती व इसके आंतरिक अंग, जातक की मानसिक स्थिति/प्रकृति, स्तन आदि की गणना की जाती है


पंचम भाव-
जातक की बुद्धि व उसकी तीव्रता,पीठ, पसलियां,पेट, हृदय की स्थिति आंकलन में प्रयोग होता है।

षष्ठ भाव-
रोग भाव कहा जाता है। कुंडली मे इसके तत्कालिक भाव स्वामी, कालपुरुष कुंडली के स्वामी, दृष्टि संबंध, रोगेश की स्थिति, रोगेश के नक्षत्र औऱ रोगेश व भाव की डिग्री इत्यादि।