So far, 2020 has been such a crappy year.

So, let’s focus on the positive. At least it was productive.

I am preparing my end-of-year report and I just realized that, together with a group of great friends & coauthors, we published 6 papers, 2 eBooks, ...

(long thread)
1/18

...an important policy report, & 4 working papers. Also many eEvents, including a fantastic D-DebtCon, a couple of newspaper articles (thanks @lucianocapone) & several @voxeu columns (thanks @BaldwinRE), plus a super @cepr_org Geneva Report which just came out....

2/n
So, first of all. Thanks to @CEPR @IHED @CFD_IHEID @DevPolJournal for providing a supportive environment in a very difficult period and...

3/n
...to all friends and co-authors in these projects (@Yi_HEID @M_Pagano_Econ Mitu Gulati, @ricardo_hausman Ed. Fernandez Arias @SFGaliani @SimeonDjankov P. Bolton @pogourinchas Lee Buchheit, Chang-Tai Hsieh @bweder @AGelpern @taddei76 ).

A brief description follows...

4/n
In "Local Crowding‐Out in China" (joint with @Yi_HEID & @M_Pagano_Econ),which just came out in @JofFinance , we show that local public debt crowded out the investment of Chinese private firms.

5/n

https://t.co/ecNwHkmC9d
In "The Hausmann–Gorky Effect" (joint with Mitu Gulati), published in @JBusinessEthics , we study what @ricardo_hausman called The Hunger Bond (also a precendent attributed to Maxim Gorky)

6/n

https://t.co/XNHVyGbmaI
In "Smart Development Banks" (joint with @ricardo_hausman & Eduardo Fernandez Arias), published in Journal of Industry, Competition, and Trade, we discuss a potential new role for development banks.

7/n
https://t.co/4OGFhtsOD4
In "Alternative Solutions to the Odious Debt Problem" (with Mitu Gulati", published In the Annals of the Fondazione Einaudi @EinaudiOnlus , we review the lit. on odious debt and discuss 2 proposals that could address OD using domestic legal principles.
8/n
https://t.co/9txLfSGxP4
In "When Governments Promise to Prioritize Public Debt: Do Markets Care? (with M. Gulati, @mweidemaier & G. Willingham), published in @JFinReg , we check whether constitutional commitments to honor public debt reduce borrowing costs

9/n

https://t.co/3iU3hxGph7
In "Come risolvere il problema del debito pubblico italiano: un’analisi critica delle soluzioni facili." published in the Rivista di Politica Economica (thanks @GiampaoloGalli) I discuss Italian public debt

10/n

https://t.co/YwQawX50pb
.@cepr_org eBook "Publishing and evaluating success in economics" (with @SFGaliani) concludes that there is still work to be done to make economics more open and inclusive and the publication process fairer and more efficient.
11/n
https://t.co/ps4jpewO5H
.@cepr_org @DevPolJournal eBook "COVID-19 in developing economies" (with @SimeonDjankov) summarizes ongoing research on the impact of Covid in developing and emerging markets

12/n

https://t.co/qUyfylqKEu
. @cepr_org Policy Insight "Born Out of Necessity: A Debt Standstill for COVID-19" (with P. Bolton L. Buchheit, @pogourinchas CT Hsieh, M. Gulati & @bweder) presents a mechanism to implement a debt standstill for Covid-19

13/n

https://t.co/T3A7z0fJdp
In Fiscal Risk and its Drivers An Empirical Analysis, I describe and quantify fiscal risk in advanced and developing economies

14/n

https://t.co/avjVMqgJpL
In "Legal Air Cover" (with P. Bolton and M. Gulati) we seth forth some options to provide temporary legal protection to countries that can't service their debts

15/n

https://t.co/LeF5vfXLW1
In "Local Currency Denominated Sovereign Loans - A Portfolio Approach to Tackle Moral Hazard and Provide Insurance" (with @taddei76 ) we study how the currency composition of public debt affects debt sustainability in developing countries

16/n
In "Make-Wholes in Sovereign Bonds (Not sure why they are there, but they may be free)" (with Mitu Gulati) we study the strange case of make-whole calls in sovereign bond contracts

https://t.co/QdBpDrAtnZ

17/n
Finally, please check out all the fantastic material in the D-DebtCon site co-organized with the always fantastic @AGelpern (and many others, but she is the true driving force of DebtCon).

18/18

https://t.co/pBwW7fNB9N
I fogot to link the paper with @taddei76 Here it goes https://t.co/HdKVYZB1nw

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🌺श्री गरुड़ पुराण - संक्षिप्त वर्णन🌺

हिन्दु धर्म के 18 पुराणों में से एक गरुड़ पुराण का हिन्दु धर्म में बड़ा महत्व है। गरुड़ पुराण में मृत्यु के बाद सद्गती की व्याख्या मिलती है। इस पुराण के अधिष्ठातृ देव भगवान विष्णु हैं, इसलिए ये वैष्णव पुराण है।


गरुड़ पुराण के अनुसार हमारे कर्मों का फल हमें हमारे जीवन-काल में तो मिलता ही है परंतु मृत्यु के बाद भी अच्छे बुरे कार्यों का उनके अनुसार फल मिलता है। इस कारण इस पुराण में निहित ज्ञान को प्राप्त करने के लिए घर के किसी सदस्य की मृत्यु के बाद का समय निर्धारित किया गया है...

..ताकि उस समय हम जीवन-मरण से जुड़े सभी सत्य जान सकें और मृत्यु के कारण बिछडने वाले सदस्य का दुख कम हो सके।
गरुड़ पुराण में विष्णु की भक्ति व अवतारों का विस्तार से उसी प्रकार वर्णन मिलता है जिस प्रकार भगवत पुराण में।आरम्भ में मनु से सृष्टि की उत्पत्ति,ध्रुव चरित्र की कथा मिलती है।


तदुपरांत सुर्य व चंद्र ग्रहों के मंत्र, शिव-पार्वती मंत्र,इन्द्र सम्बंधित मंत्र,सरस्वती मंत्र और नौ शक्तियों के बारे में विस्तार से बताया गया है।
इस पुराण में उन्नीस हज़ार श्लोक बताए जाते हैं और इसे दो भागों में कहा जाता है।
प्रथम भाग में विष्णुभक्ति और पूजा विधियों का उल्लेख है।

मृत्यु के उपरांत गरुड़ पुराण के श्रवण का प्रावधान है ।
पुराण के द्वितीय भाग में 'प्रेतकल्प' का विस्तार से वर्णन और नरकों में जीव के पड़ने का वृत्तांत मिलता है। मरने के बाद मनुष्य की क्या गति होती है, उसका किस प्रकार की योनियों में जन्म होता है, प्रेत योनि से मुक्ति के उपाय...
I'm going to do two history threads on Ethiopia, one on its ancient history, one on its modern story (1800 to today). 🇪🇹

I'll begin with the ancient history ... and it goes way back. Because modern humans - and before that, the ancestors of humans - almost certainly originated in Ethiopia. 🇪🇹 (sub-thread):


The first likely historical reference to Ethiopia is ancient Egyptian records of trade expeditions to the "Land of Punt" in search of gold, ebony, ivory, incense, and wild animals, starting in c 2500 BC 🇪🇹


Ethiopians themselves believe that the Queen of Sheba, who visited Israel's King Solomon in the Bible (c 950 BC), came from Ethiopia (not Yemen, as others believe). Here she is meeting Solomon in a stain-glassed window in Addis Ababa's Holy Trinity Church. 🇪🇹


References to the Queen of Sheba are everywhere in Ethiopia. The national airline's frequent flier miles are even called "ShebaMiles". 🇪🇹