BC GETTERSANDSETTERS

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Vikas Rajput
@vikasrajputin 3 years, 11 months ago 1156 views

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Java: Why do we use getter and setter methods?

a thread...

In Java classes, we normally create the getter and setter methods to read and update class level fields respectively.

Let's find out why do we following this practice.

Consider a class "Account", having fields like accountName and accountBalance - to show the name and balance of the account.

As a common practice, both the variables are private and define the public getter and setter method to read and write their values.

Eg:

Using the above example, let's see different use-cases where having getter and setter methods can be game-changing.

1. Validation:

The public getter and setter method act as a single door to access the private fields.

Before updating the value we can run any validation in the setter method and accordingly allow field modification.

Eg:

2. Security

Similar to Validation, we can also put any security-related code to secure our data inside the getter and setter.

For eg. Check if a user has access to the field based on our complex security logic and then allow the user to either read or update the value.

3. ReadOnly or WriteOnly Permission

To allow only write permission, we can keep setter methods.

Similarly, to allow only read permission to fields, we can remove the setter method and only keep the getter method as shown below:

4. Immutability:

To create an immutable class, we can remove the setter and put-getter methods.

In getter methods, we can return a new copy instead of returning the original object to protect it from getting modified.

Conclusion:

In the above scenarios, we've only achieved encapsulations at diff levels & that's the main reason for using getter/setter in java.

To see the above examples in more detail and run them you can access below git repo:
https://t.co/vHZsSmtJqS

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Vikas Rajput
@vikasrajputin

Five Different Ways to Create Objects in Java

a thread...

1. Using a new keyword.

It's the most popular one. We create an object by using a new operator followed by a constructor call.

Eg:

2. Using the newInstance() method of class "Class":

Eg:

3️. Using the newInstance() method in class "Constructor":

Eg:

Note:

Both the above ways (Shown in 2 and 3),
are known as reflective ways of creating objects.

Fun-fact:

Class's newInstance() method internally uses Constructor's newInstance() method.

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Java: Beginner Guide to Multithreading

a thread...

Multithreading is a concept of applying multitasking in Java.

Java supports thread-based multitasking.

Java program can be divided into several threads and those threads can be executed in parallel to support multi-tasking.

Two ways to create a thread in Java:

1. By Implementing Runnable Interface
2. By extending the Thread class

Let's create a thread by implementing the "Runnable" interface:

Steps:
1. Implement Runnable Interface
2. Override the run() method, and put your code inside it.
3. Pass the instance of your class to the Thread class constructor.
4. Call the start() method to run your thread.

Let's create a thread by extending the "Thread" class:

Steps:
1. Extend your class with Thread class
2. Override the run() method, and put your code inside it.
3. Instantiate your class.
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@vikasrajputin

OOPs Concept in Java

a thread...

OOP Concepts are very common in Software Engineering.

All the OOP languages like Java, Python, C++, .Net, etc. have this concept.

In this thread, we'll try to understand it from Java's standpoint.

There are six different concepts in OOP:

1. Object
2. Class
3. Inheritance
4. Encapsulation
5. Abstraction
6. Polymorphism

Let's understand them one by one...

Object:

Look around you, whatever you see can be considered an Object.

For eg: The chair you are sitting on, the table, your computer, your house, windows, your pet, you yourself!

An object has Behaviour (things it does or performs) and Attributes (things that describe it).

Example:

Note: B = Behavior, A = Attribute

Chair:
B - Moves, Adjust Height, Recline, etc.
A - Built Material, Color, Make & Model, Brand, Price, etc.

You:
B - Eat, Play, Watch Netflix, Sleep, etc.
A - Height, Weight, Age, DOB, Name, SSN, etc.

Vikas Rajput
@vikasrajputin

Java: Beginner Guide to Stream API

a thread...

Streams are a way to perform operations on the whole collection of data.

Stream never modifies the source data, it processes it and gives us the result without modifying the original data.

Let's see few popular ways to create stream:

1. Collection. stream()
2. Stream.of(T... values)
3. Arrays. stream()
4. Stream.builder()

Eg:️

Consider stream as a pipeline, where we perform mainly two different operations on the source data:

1. Intermediate Operations(IO)
2. Terminal Operations(TO)

Here's what the stream pipeline looks like:

Source -> Intermediate Operations -> Terminal Operations

Intermediate Operations(IO):

It returns another stream object, after this, we can either call another IO or TO.

Few methods in Stream API for Intermediate operations:
1. filter()
2. map()
3. sorted()

and many more...

Vikas Rajput
@vikasrajputin

Java: Acess Modifiers

a thread...

(Cheatsheet Included)

What is an access modifier?

Access Modifiers are a way of providing limited visibility to methods, variables, classes.

Different access modifiers provide different visibility due to which our program because less prone to unwanted changes.

Java has four access modifiers, let's see each one by one

public:
It's the least restrictive access modifier when any class, method, or variable is defined as public then it is accessible from anywhere.

protected:
Protected methods & variables can be accessed within the same package and also accessible to all child classes.

default:
When no access modifier is specified then java treats it as default. With default methods & variables are accessible within the same package.

private:
It's the most restrictive access modifier, when given to any methods & variable it is only accessible within the same class.

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