
India just passed China as the most populous country in the world. Why?
Because of the biggest accident in history
Look at where people live in India. What's that band up north?


It's one of the main producers of wheat, peas, potatoes, rice, lentils, eggplant...
And why is it so fertile?

• It rains a lot
• It has a many rivers bringing water and irrigation
• The rivers also bring fertilizing silts
Why so much water?

Wind comes from the ocean full of water
It hits the Himalayas
Climbs up
Gets colder
The water condensates and rains down

https://t.co/GfqQRH8aXr
Clouds that look like ocean waves over Teide Mountain,Tenerife,Canarias
— Domenico (@AvatarDomy2) August 23, 2022
Credit \U0001f3a5 by unknown pic.twitter.com/V2kCBGxRrW
You can tell where the mountains stop the water from the wind

It's *because* of the Himalayas: They're so heavy that gravity crushes down the region around it! The same thing happens in the Indus valley nearby

• It's flat
• Humid winds discharge their water there
But hold on, why are there humid winds to begin with?
They're not supposed to be there! Every other part of the world at the same latitude is a desert!
Why is the Sahara a desert but India a garden?

Hot air, full of humidity, goes up, hits colder air, water condensates, and rains down.
But air keeps going, and falls down farther north, completely dry. Hence the Sahara.
So why not India?

In Indian summers, winds come from the sea, full of water.
What force pushing the monsoon is so huge that it predominates over the normal circulation of wind on Earth?

But lands warms up faster than water
Eurasia gets much hotter
Air goes up above it
It creates a vacuum
And the hot, humid water from the Indian ocean invades India
And rains down at the Himalayas

Fertile soil ➡️ Population
Why?
• Hot (tropical)
• Lots of rain
➡️Rivers➡️irrigation & fertilizer
But ALL these conditions exist thanks to an ancient accident: The Indo-Australian Plate hitting the Eurasian one!
2. These plates hit and create the Himalayas➡️stop the waters and rain it down to the Ganges valley
3. The weight of the Himalayas flattens the Ganges basin➡️best for crops
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I learned from @lewis_dartnell about the flattening of the Ganges due to the weight of the Himalayas
Another crazy river thread if you missed it:
https://t.co/JfPCjyheG8
What are the most surprising facts about the Amazon river, watershed, and rainforest?
— Tomas Pueyo (@tomaspueyo) February 4, 2023
Here are the 9 craziest ones I found: pic.twitter.com/vD6Xcyq0gG
https://t.co/LwGERa0zLy